日本木作技术书《镰仓造营名目》中的禅宗样斗栱构成与设计方法(其二):与《工程做法则例》的比较研究  

Design Method of Zen-style Bracket Sets Recorded in the Japanese Carpentry Mannual Kamakura Zoei Myomoku(Part 2):A Comparative Study with the Chinese Gongcheng Zuofa Zeli

作　　者：坂本忠规 包慕萍[2] Tadanori SAKAMOTO;BAO Muping

机构地区：[1]竹中大工道具馆 [2]东京大学生产技术研究所

出　　处：《建筑史学刊》2021年第1期37-45,共9页Journal of Architectural History

摘　　要：本文以13—19世纪镰仓建长寺木匠世家河内家族流传下来的建筑技术书籍《镰仓造营名目》为研究对象,分析了其中记述的禅宗样斗栱的构成与设计方法,继而将其与中国建筑技术书清《工程做法则例》进行了比较研究。最终确认了中日均有以栱木尺寸为基准单位进行设计的做法,而使用等距控制线以及使用椽子尺寸为基本尺寸单位等做法为日本改进之后的日本化技法。Through comparison with the traditional Chinese manual Gongcheng zuofa zeli,this paper analyzes the composition and design methods of Zenstyle bracket sets described in the Kamakura zoei myomoku,a technical document that records the activities of the Kawachi-family of temple carpenters at Kenchoji in Kamakura,Japan,from the late medieval period to the early modern period.As a result,the paper suggests that there were some similarities between Chinese and Japanese modular design,which both used the crosssection of a bracket as the basic unit;while other techniques like the use of a baseline for equal spacing and the rafter size as the basic unit are considered to be Japanese innovations.

关 键 词：禅宗样 斗栱 木作技术书 《镰仓造营名目》 《营造法式》 《工程做法则例》 

分 类 号：TU-098.6[建筑科学—建筑理论]