基于响应曲面法的崩落法采场结构参数优化  

Optimization of Stope Structure Parameters by Caving Method Based on Response Surface Method

作　　者：周宝坤 陈晓青 田迎春[3] 马东 宫国慧 翟小东 邓皓泽 ZHOU Baokun;CHEN Xiaoqing;TIAN Yingchun;MA Dong;GONG Guohui;ZHAI Xiaodong;DENG Haoze(School of Mining Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China;Academician Workstation University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China;Gongchangling Mining Co.,Ltd.,Anshan Iron and Steel Group,Liaoyang 111008,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]辽宁科技大学院士专家工作站,辽宁鞍山114051 [3]鞍钢集团弓长岭矿业有限公司,辽宁辽阳111008

出　　处：《金属矿山》2021年第3期67-73,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51174110);辽宁省教育厅科学技术研究项目(编号:009702);辽宁科技大学研究生科技创新项目(编号:LKDYC201920)。

摘　　要：针对无底柱分段崩落法放矿过程中顶部、侧面和正面等各部位废石混入情况无法定量分析的问题,设计了一种原位替换法相似性物理模拟试验,得到了各部位废石混入量,找到了各部位废石混入关键点。利用Design-Expert中Box-Behnken方法设计了15组试验,系统研究了分段高度、进路间距和崩矿步距之间交互作用对废石混入的影响,构建了以混岩率为响应值的二次响应面模型,运用响应面分析法得到了最优采场结构参数,并对优化结果采用原位替换法进行了验证。结果表明:(1)采用矿山原结构参数分段高度、进路间距和崩矿步距分别为12 m、12 m和3 m进行原位替换法相似性物理模拟试验,当矿石回采率为80%时,正面废石、两侧废石和顶部废石的混入率分别为16.7%、8.3%和2.5%,矿石总混岩率为27.5%;(2)对响应面模型进行分析,分段高度、进路间距和崩矿步距及其交互作用均对矿石混岩率有显著影响,回归模型拟合的相关系数接近于1,方程的预测数据和实际数据之间具有一致性,优化后的分段高度、进路间距和崩矿步距分别为16.59 m、17.42 m和4.02 m;(3)矿石回采率为80%时,优化后的结构参数与原结构参数相比,正面和两侧废石混入率分别降低3.6%和1.7%,顶部废石混入率增加0.7%,总混岩率降低4.6%,取得了较好的放矿效果。上述研究进一步表明:采用原位替换法对废石混入规律进行分析,并通过响应面法对结构参数进行优化的研究思路具有一定的实用性和可操作性,对矿山采场结构参数优化具有一定的参考意义。In view of the problem that it is impossible to quantitatively analyze the waste rock mixing at the top,side and front of the ore drawing by sublevel caving without pillar,a similarity physical simulation experiment of in-situ replacement method was adopted to obtain the barren ore mixing amount in each part and find the key points of barren ore mixing in each part. 15 group of experiments were design by using Box-Behnken method in Design-Expert.The influence of the interaction among the sublevel height,the distance between roadways and the distance of ore collapse on the mixing of barren ore were systematically studied.A quadratic response surface model with mixed ore ratio as the response value was constructed.The optimal stope structural parameters were obtained by using the response surface analysis method.The optimization results were verified by in-situ substitution method.The results showed that:(1) The similarity physical simulation experiment of in-situ replacement method was carried out by using the original structural parameters of segmentation height,road spacing and ore collapse distribution spacing with the values of 12 m,12 m and 3 m respectively.When the ore recovery rate was80%,the mixing rates of front,side and top barren ores were 16.7%,8.3% and 2.5% respectively,and the total mixing rate of ore was 27.5%.(2) Trough the analysis of response surface model,it was indicated that the segmentation height,route spacing and ore collapse step distance and their interactions all have significant effects on the ore mixing rate,the correlation coefficients fitted by the regression model were all close to 1,the predicted data of the equation were consistent with the actual data,and the optimized segmentation height,route spacing and ore collapse step distance were 16.59 m,17.42 m and 4.02 m respectively.(3) When the ore recovery rate was 80%,compared with the original structural parameters,it showed that the barren ore mixing rate on the front and both sides was reduced by 3.6% and 1.7% respectively,the ba

关 键 词：崩落采矿法 损失贫化 废石混入 结构参数优化 响应曲面法 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]