腹部超声在新生儿消化道疾病中的应用  

Applications of Abdominal Ultrasound in Neonatal Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases

作　　者：王旭冉 姜春明[1] WANG Xuran;JIANG Chunming(Department of Neonatal,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院新生儿科,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第7期1406-1410,1415,共6页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：超声作为辅助临床医师诊断疾病的一种重要方式,已不再局限于探查经典的实质脏器。超声技术诊断肺脏、消化道等含有气体的器官疾病的准确性越来越高。新生儿常见的消化道疾病(坏死性小肠结肠炎、消化道畸形等)缺乏特异性临床表现,但病情进展迅速,严重者可危及生命,故及时进行准确的诊断和治疗尤为重要。而超声检查操作简单易行,诊断灵敏度、可重复性高,且无放射性损害,已越来越多地应用于新生儿消化道疾病的诊断和鉴别。腹部超声能实时、动态地观察消化道结构、蠕动功能变化,是一项监测新生儿病情变化的重要工具,具有良好的应用前景。Ultrasound,as an efficient instrument to assist clinicians in diagnosing diseases,is no longer limited to exploration of classic parenchymal organs.It is used to diagnose diseases of the organs containing gas such as lungs and digestive tract,and the accuracy is getting higher.Most neonatal gastrointestinal diseases,such as necrotizing enterocolitis and gastrointestinal malformations,are lack of specific clinical manifestations,but they often progress rapidly,some even lead to death,thus,timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment are especially important.Ultrasound is easy to operate,featured with high diagnostic sensitivity and reproducibility,and free of radiation damage,therefore has been increasingly used to diagnose and differentiate neonatal digestive tract diseases.The abdominal ultrasound can observe the changes of digestive tract structure and peristaltic function in real time and dynamically,which is an important tool to monitor the changes of the neonates and has a good application prospect.

关 键 词：新生儿消化道畸形 先天性肠无神经节细胞症 坏死性小肠结肠炎 腹部超声 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]