节点电价与对偶乘子的内在关联分析与扩展  

Analysis and Extension of Internal Relationship Between Locational Marginal Price and Dual Multiplier

作　　者：王怡[1] 杨知方 余娟[1] 赵唯嘉 WANG Yi;YANG Zhifang;YU Juan;ZHAO Weijia(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology(Chongqing University),Chongqing 400044,China;Guangdong Power Exchange Center Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510062,China)

机构地区：[1]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆市400044 [2]广东电力交易中心有限责任公司,广东省广州市510062

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2021年第6期82-91,共10页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2020CDJ-LHZZ-079);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(cstc2020jcyj-msxm X0315)。

摘　　要：电价的科学性和合理性对电力市场的调节配置至关重要。作为常用的边际定价形式,节点电价表达为对偶乘子的线性函数。基于基本的定价原理,文中梳理了节点电价的物理内涵,说明了基于边际定价原理推导的节点电价与系统稀缺资源价格之间的内在联系,并论证了其合理性。基于此,提出了具有可扩展性的统一电价表达式,将电价扩展为对偶乘子和转移分布因子的一般函数形式。以线路越限造成价格尖峰为典型应用场景,建立了以电价为优化变量的定价模型,在IEEE30节点系统及波兰2383节点系统中验证了所提电价机制的实际应用价值。Scientific and reasonable electricity prices are crucial to resource allocation in electricity market. As the common used marginal price formulation, the electricity price is generally formulated as a linear function of the dual multiplier. Based on the basic pricing principle, the physical meaning of the electricity price is clarified, and the internal relationship between the electricity price derived from the marginal pricing principle and the price of system scarce resources is explained. The rationality of the proposed electricity price formulation is also proven. On this basis, a unified expression for electricity price with expandability is extended to a non-linear function electricity price formulation. A pricing model that regards the electricity prices as operational variables is established, and the practical value of the proposed electricity price method is demonstrated in typical application scenarios of price spikes caused by the line violation through the IEEE 30-bus system and Polish 2383-bus system examples.

关 键 词：电力市场 定价机制 节点电价 激励相容 市场盈余 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] F407.61[经济管理—产业经济]