兽疫防治与畜种改良:南京国民政府时期甘南藏区牧业建设研究  

Prevent Epidemics and Improve Livestock:A Discussion of Animal Husbandry Construction in Gannan Tibetan Area During the Period of the Nanjing National Government

作　　者：王志通[1] WANG Zhi-tong(The College of History and Culture,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学历史文化学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国农史》2021年第1期32-42,共11页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：国家社科基金·中国历史研究院重大研究专项重大委托项目(20@WTS003);兰州大学中央高校科研基本业务费科研创新团队“清代伊犁将军研究”(2020JBKYTD002)。

摘　　要：位处汉藏边界地带的甘南藏区拥有的丰富畜牧资源,是南京国民政府加强边疆牧业建设的重要着眼点之一。在西北开发浪潮中,不少官员和专家先后前往甘南藏区考察牧业状况,发现此处牲畜疫病多、受灾重。对此,南京国民政府从兽疫防治和畜种改良两方面入手,设立防疫机构、组织兽疫防治队伍和开展巡回医疗,设立种畜场、培育良种、研究先进的饲养和管理方法等。南京国民政府在甘南藏区推进牧业建设取得了一些成绩,在一定程度上遏制了兽疫的加剧,培育了一些良种,但面临着经费、人事及其与地方社会关系之种种困境。甘南藏区的牧业建设,在很大程度上成为当时南京国民政府在边疆地区施行边政所遇困境的一个缩影。The Gannan tibetan area,located in the Sino-Tibetan border,was rich in animal husbandry resources.It was one of the important focuses of the Nanjing National Government to strengthen animal husbandry construction in the whole frontier regions.In the trend of Northwest Development,many officials and experts went to Gannan tibetan area to investigate the situation of animal husbandry.They found that there were many epidemics in livestock and the disaster was serious.Therefore,the Nanjing National Government carried out the work from the prevention and control of animal diseases and the improvement of livestock breeds.It set up epidemic prevention institutions,organized medical team,carried out itinerate medical treatment,built a breeding stock farm,cultivated better varieties and researched on advanced feeding and management methods.The Nanjing National Government had made some achievements in promoting animal husbandry construction in Gannan tibetan area,curbed the aggravation of the epidemic and bred some good varieties.However,it was faced with various difficulties of funds,personnel and the relationship with local society.The animal husbandry construction in Gannan tibetan area,to a large extent,became the epitome of all kinds of difficulties encountered by the Nanjing National Government in the whole frontier regions.

关 键 词：甘南藏区 边疆建设 西北开发 兽疫防治 畜种改良 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]