我国环境侵权惩罚性赔偿原则之适用  

Application of the Principle of Punitive Damages for Environmental Infringement in China

作　　者：赵凤宁 Zhao Fengning(Environmental Law School,Gansu University of Political Science and Law,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃政法大学环境法学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《河北环境工程学院学报》2021年第2期67-71,共5页Journal of Hebei University of Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：惩罚性赔偿原则主要指向对侵权行为人行为的惩戒性和特殊预防性,它是传统"同质赔偿"原则的补充,在《中华人民共和国民法典》(以下简称《民法典》)环境侵权责任一章中对惩罚性赔偿的规定不仅体现了绿色原则,还是对私益权人利益的重要保障。此外,在适用惩罚性赔偿原则时应当参照侵权行为人的主观心态、危害后果以及因果关系具体适用,以遵循程序的稳定性和司法的公正性。虽然我国《民法典》并未具体规定环境侵权责任惩罚性赔偿原则的具体适用范围,但结合其立法旨趣及解释应当适用于私益诉讼领域,同时还应当合理运用以促进司法公信力。The principle of punitive damages mainly refers to the exemplary and special preventive actions of tortfeasors.It is a supplement to the traditional principle of"homogeneous compensation".The provisions on punitive damages in the chapter of Environmental Tort Liability in China’s Civil Code not only reflect the green principle,but also provide an important guarantee for the interests of private rights holders.In addition,the principle of punitive damages should be applied with reference to the tortfeasors’subjective mentality,harmful consequences and causal relationship,so as to follow the stability of procedures and justice.Although China’s Civil Code does not specify the specific application scope of the principle of punitive compensation for environmental tort liability,combined with its legislative purport and interpretation,it should be applied to the field of private interest litigation,and at the same time,it should be used reasonably to promote the judicial credibility.

关 键 词：生态保护 惩罚性赔偿 同质赔偿 私益诉讼 公益诉讼 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]