不同砧木对薄皮甜瓜抗病性、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Different Rootstocks on Disease Resistance,Yield and Quality of Striffen Muskmelon

作　　者：叶云峰[1,2] 覃武 付岗[3] 洪日新[1,2] 覃斯华[1,2] 黄金艳 解华云[1,2] 许勇 YE Yun-feng;QIN Wu;FU Gang;HONG Ri-xin;QIN Si-hua;HUANG Jin-yan;XIE Hua-yun;XU Yong(Horticultural Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Watermelon and Melon Engineering Technology Research Center,Nanning 530007,China;Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西西甜瓜工程技术研究中心,广西南宁530007 [3]广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2021年第4期63-66,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家西甜瓜产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-25);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队项目(nycytxgxcxtd-17-04);“八桂学者”工程专项项目(2016A11);广西农业科学院科技发展基金(杜农科2017JM67);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT045)。

摘　　要：为筛选甜瓜抗枯萎病砧木,进行了不同砧木的苗期枯萎病接种试验及不同砧木嫁接苗亲和性、产量、品质等综合性状的研究。通过苗期接种法测定了NX-1、NX-2、NX-3和NX-4共4份砧用南瓜材料的苗期枯萎病抗性,并对其嫁接苗的嫁接成活率、田间发病率、单果重、产量、中心可溶性固形物含量、口感等指标进行观察和测定。结果表明:NX-2和NX-3在苗期对枯萎病表现高抗,NX-1和NX-4表现为抗。4份砧木与接穗的亲和性强,嫁接苗的嫁接成活率都高于95%;田间抗病性强,发病率均显著低于对照(广蜜1号薄皮甜瓜实生苗);果实产量均显著高于对照。但4份砧木嫁接处理的果实中心可溶性固形物含量低于实生苗,除了NX-2外,其余处理的中心可溶性固形物含量和口感接近对照,表现较优。在测试的4份砧木材料中,NX-3、NX-1、NX-4综合性状优良,为较理想的薄皮甜瓜嫁接砧木。In order to screen melon rootstocks resistant to Fusarium wilt,inoculation experiments of different rootstocks at seedling stage were carried out,and the comprehensive characters of compatibility,yield and quality of grafted seedlings of different rootstocks were studied.The resistance of 4 rootstock pumpkin materials to NX-1,NX-2,NX-3 and NX-4 were tested by seedling inoculation method.The survival rate,field incidence rate,single fruit weight,yield,soluble solid content and taste of grafted seedlings were observed and measured.The results showed that Nx-2 and Nx-3 were highly resistant to Fusarium wilt at seedling stage,while Nx-1 and Nx-4 were resistant to Fusarium wilt.Muskmelon and scion were highly compatible with 4 rootstocks,and the survival rate of grafted seedlings was higher than 95%.The disease resistance and disease incidence rate were significantly lower in the field than in the control(Guangmi No.1 striffen muskmelo seedlings).Except Nx-2,the content of central soluble solid and taste of the other treatments were close to the control,and the performance was better.Among the four rootstocks tested,Nx-3,Nx-1 and Nx-4 had excellent comprehensive characters and were ideal rootstocks for striffen muskmelon grafting.

关 键 词：薄皮甜瓜 砧木 嫁接 枯萎病抗性 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]