绝经后女性阴道微生态变化及研究进展  

Changes of vaginal microecology and related research progress in postmenopausal women

作　　者：许晟杰 兰义兵[1] 马麟娟[1] 周坚红[1] Xu Shengjie;Lan Yibing;Ma Linjuan;Zhou Jianhong(Women's Hospital School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院,杭州310006

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2021年第3期401-405,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：浙江省自然基金(LY18H040003);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81801405);浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGF19H040018)。

摘　　要：绝经后女性由于雌孕激素水平下降,发生外阴和阴道萎缩、乳酸杆菌比例降低、阴道内菌群失调、阴道免疫屏障受损等病理、生理改变,从而导致一系列的症状、体征和疾病,对绝经后女性的健康及生活质量产生显著的不良影响.现从阴道菌群种类、数量、比例等方面阐述绝经后阴道微生态菌群的变化特征及相关机制,明确全身及局部雌激素治疗对绝经后女性阴道微生态及泌尿生殖道症状改善的作用机制,以便深入了解绝经后女性的阴道微生态变化与泌尿生殖道症状的关系,从而提高绝经后女性的生活质量.Pathophysiological changes,such as the vulvovaginal atrophy,reduction in the proportion of lactobacilli,unbalance of the vaginal flora and impaired vaginal immune barrier,can result in a series of symptoms,signs and diseases affecting the health and quality of life in postmenopausal women.This article reviews the change characteristics and related mechanisms of the microbial flora in postmenopausal women in terms of the type,quantity and proportion of vaginal flora,and clarifies efficacy and its mechanisms of systemic and topical estrogen therapy on the improvement of intravaginal environment and urogenital symptoms,in order to improve the quality life in postmenopausal women.

关 键 词：绝经期 阴道 个体生态学 

分 类 号：R711.75[医药卫生—妇产科学]