尾矿制备混凝土研究进展与利用现状分析  

Research Progress and Utilization Status Analysis of Concrete Prepared by Tailings

作　　者：申艳军 白志鹏[1,3] 郝建帅 廖太昌 李曙光 许汉华 SHEN Yanjun;BAI Zhipeng;HAO Jianshuai;LIAO Taichang;LI Shuguang;XU Hanhua(College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Geological Research Institute for Coal Green Mining,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Science and Technology Innovation Department,China Railway 20th Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710016,China;China Railway Construction Testing Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710016,China;Post-doctoral Research Workstation,China Railway 20th Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710016,China;R&D Center of Plateau Tunnel Construction Technology and Equipment,China Railway 20th Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710016,China;Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,西安710054 [2]西安科技大学煤炭绿色开采地质研究院,西安710054 [3]西安科技大学陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室,西安710054 [4]中铁二十局集团有限公司科技创新部,西安710016 [5]中铁建科检测有限公司,西安710016 [6]中铁二十局集团有限公司博士后科研工作站,西安710016 [7]中铁二十局集团有限公司高原隧道施工技术及装备研发中心,西安710016 [8]中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司,昆明650051

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2021年第3期845-857,876,共14页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部2020年研究开发项目(2020-K-067);中国铁建股份有限公司科技研究开发计划(2019-B07);中铁二十局集团有限公司2020年度科技研发项目(YF2000SD01A);中国博士后科学基金(2020M673525)。

摘　　要：利用尾矿制备混凝土已成为实现尾矿资源综合回收利用的一条较佳途径。首先分析尾矿渣排放与综合利用现状,探究尾矿作为混凝土制备骨料的资源利用状况,然后具体明确不同类型尾矿渣用于混凝土凝胶材料、粗细集料以及改性掺合料的研究进展,最后展望了尾矿替代天然建筑材料的后期发展方向。现阶段研究表明:尾矿部分代替混凝土材料时,其微粉二次水化作用发挥的“火山灰效应”与“微集料效应”是尾矿混凝土强度高于普通混凝土的主要原因;尾矿因颗粒小,作为混凝土细集料应用范围有限,而作为微粉充填材料或替代凝胶材料潜力巨大;尾矿混凝土可发挥细粒尾矿的棱角性及亲水性特征,用于增加混凝土粘性,便于制备合成骨料或隧道喷射混凝土。尾矿制备混凝土可极大缓解建材短缺并解决尾矿堆放造成的环境问题,对未来绿色建材发展提供了新思路。At present,the use of tailings to prepare concrete has become a better way to realize the comprehensive recycling and utilization of tailings resource.The current situation of tailing slag discharge and comprehensive utilization was analysed to explore the resource utilization status of tailings as aggregates for concrete preparation.In addition,the research progress of different types of tailing slag for concrete gel materials,coarse and fine aggregates,and modified admixture sand was specifically clarified.Finally,the later development direction of tailings to replace natural building materials was prospected.The current research shows that when tailings partially replace concrete materials,the“volcanic ash effect”and“micro-aggregate effect”exerted by the secondary hydration of fine powder are the main reasons why the strength of tailings concrete is higher than that of ordinary concrete.Because of the small particles,tailings have a limited range of applications as concrete fine aggregates,but they have great potential as micro-powder filling materials or alternative gel materials.Tailings concrete takes advantages of the angularity and hydrophilicity of fine-grained tailings to increase the viscosity of concrete and facilitate the preparation of synthetic aggregates or tunnel shotcrete.The preparation of concrete from tailings greatly alleviates the shortage of building materials and solves the environmental problems caused by tailings stacking,providing a new idea for the development of green building materials in the future.

关 键 词：尾矿 混凝土制备 研究进展 综合利用 二次水化作用 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]