法律转型的因应之道——沈家本与晚清刑律变迁  

A Way to Deal With the Issue of Legal Transition:Shen Jiaben and the Criminal Law‘s Transformation in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：陈新宇[1] CHEN Xin-yu(Law School,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《现代法学》2021年第2期3-17,共15页Modern Law Science

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“沈家本新研究”(18BFX029)。

摘　　要：作者问题存在争议的《删除律例内重法折》乃由沈家本而非伍廷芳主导,废除凌迟等酷刑重法是清末先进法律专家们的共识,沈家本起到画龙点睛和临门一脚的关键作用。近代刑法典《大清新刑律》最初并非为立宪而制定,但清末预备立宪对其编纂进程产生重大影响,为此沈家本务实地提出编定古典律例模式的《大清现行刑律》作为过渡的计划,近代刑事立法因此出现了新旧两部刑法典并行编纂的特殊现象。沈家本在古今方面着力于复古,辨析中国法制的汉唐与明清之别,试图恢复古典法意;在中外方面着力于会通,不拘于中外有别的成见,试图以古典中国的情理来融会贯通近代西方的法理。他对近代中国“法理”一词,有创造性的贡献。This article takes the transformation of criminal law in the late Qing Dynasty as perspective to explore Shen Jiaben’s response to legal transition in modern China.The study found that the The Memorial Concerning Deleting The Cruel Punishment,which give rise to academic dispute over the author,was led by Shen Jiaben.The abolition of the heavy cruel punishment such as Ling Chi was the consensus of advanced legal experts in the late Qing Dynasty,and Shen Jiaben played a key role in making the finishing point and putting the finishing touch.The preparation of Constitutionalism in the late Qing dynasty had a significant impact on the compilation process of The New Criminal Law Of Qing Dynasty.In this regard,Shen Jiaben pragmatically proposed that the compilation of the Current Criminal Law of the Great Qing Dynasty as a transitional plan.As a result,a unique phenomenon of the parallel compilation of the traditional and modern criminal laws appeared in the criminal legislation period.Facing the ancient and modern,Chinese and foreign problems contained in the old laws and new laws,Shen Jiaben,in the ancient and modern aspect,try to restore the classical legal meaning by distinguishing the difference between the Han/Tang Dynasties and Ming/Qing Dynasties legal system;in the ancient and modern aspects,he focuses on understanding,regardless of the prejudices of China and foreign countries,trying to use the classical Chinese reason to understand the modern Western jurisprudence.He made creative contributions to the term“jurisprudence”(Fa Li)in modern times.

关 键 词：法律转型 古今中外 法理 沈家本 

分 类 号：DF920.0[政治法律—国际法学]