开封市社区老年人群轻度认知功能障碍患病率及危险因素研究  

Prevalence rate and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment among the community elderly in Kaifeng City

作　　者：王玲[1] 黄晓哲[1] 孙玉华[1] 浮荣莉[1] 杜新慧[1] WANG Ling;HUANG Xiao-zhe;SUN Yu-hua;FU Rong-li;DU Xin-hui(Huaihe Hospital of Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学淮河医院,河南开封475000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2021年第4期454-457,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省科技厅科技发展计划项目(172102410064)。

摘　　要：目的调查开封市社区老年人轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)的患病率及潜在风险因素,为当地科学制定预防措施提供依据。方法2018年5—11月,基于分层整群随机抽样方法选取开封市6个社区680名≥60岁老年人作为调查对象,使用中文版"简明精神状态量表"进行认知功能评估。结果680名调查对象中,发现MCI患者153例,患病率22.50%。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、性别、文化教育程度和患有慢性病对MCI患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元logistic回归分析结果表明,控制混杂因素后,女性是老年人MCI的危险因素(OR=1.806,95%CI:1.088~2.998)。而年龄<80岁(OR=0.736,95%CI:0.561~0.967)、小学文化程度(OR=0.680,95%CI:0.483~0.956)、初中文化程度(OR=0.396,95%CI:0.266~0.588)、高中及以上教育(OR=0.284,95%CI:0.115~0.700)是MCI的保护因素。结论开封市老年人MCI患病率较高,女性、高龄、受教育程度低的老年人可能是MCI的高危人群,也是未来MCI防控的重点人群。Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and its potential risk factors among the community elderly in Kaifeng City so as to provide a basis for scientifically developing preventive measures.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 680 senior citizens aged 60 years and above from 6 communities in Kaifeng City from May to November,2018 to serve as the research subjects.The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was applied to evaluating the subjects’cognitive function.Results Among the 680 subjects surveyed,153 patients with MCI were identified,with the prevalence rate being 22.50%.Univariate analysis showed that different ages,gender,educational levels,and suffering from chronic diseases were statistically associated with the prevalence rate of MCI(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the female was a risk factor for MCI among the elderly(OR=1.806,95%CI:1.088-2.998)after controlling for confounding factors,while ages less than 80 years(OR=0.736,95%CI:0.561-0.967),educational background with elementary school(OR=0.680,95%CI:0.483-0.956),educational background with junior middle school(OR=0.396,95%CI:0.266-0.588),and educational background with high school and above(OR=0.284,95%CI:0.115-0.700)were protective factors for MCI.Conclusions The prevalence rate of MCI in the elderly in Kaifeng City was high.The female elderly with advanced age and low level of education may be the high-risk population for MCI,indicating that they may be key targeted groups for future preventive interventions of MCI.

关 键 词：轻度认知障碍 老年人 危险因素 患病率 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]