俄罗斯网络空间治理——以互联网政治为视角  

Russia's Cyberspace Governance—From the Perspective of Internet Politics

作　　者：马天骄[1] Ma Tianjiao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学(研究生院)

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2021年第2期55-71,共17页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

摘　　要：随着信息技术的发展和广泛应用,互联网成为人们互动的特殊空间,民众表达社会情绪、产生多元舆论的新场所,对传统政治形成新挑战。2011年以来,俄罗斯互联网快速发展,互联网政治给俄罗斯传统政治带来的挑战致使俄罗斯网络空间治理的形势愈加严峻;2018年12月俄罗斯在刻赤海峡与乌克兰发生冲突后被要挟断网,该事件使俄罗斯深刻地认识到没有网络安全就没有国家安全。在此背景下,为有效应对国内外互联网安全出现的挑战,俄罗斯政府采取战略战术相结合的思路,从顶层设计入手,借助完善法律法规、管理机制等多种手段,构建出较为完备的互联网空间治理体系。俄罗斯互联网空间的治理手段主次鲜明、有管有控,其在互联网治理理念以及管理方式上具有独到之处,值得深入研究,具有借鉴意义。未来,俄罗斯将继续从立法、技术和国际合作三个层面解决治理困境,有效规避互联网政治对国家安全带来的消极影响。With the development and wide application of information technology,the Internet has become a special space for social interactions,emotional expressions and generation of public opinions,which poses a new challenge to the traditional politics.Since 2011,the internet has developed rapidly in Russia and the situation of cyberspace governance has become increasingly severe.In December 2018,Russia was threatened by network outage after the conflict with Ukraine in the Kerch Strait.This incident made Russia deeply realize that there would be no national security without cyber security.To tackle the challenges from Internet security at home and abroad,the Russian government adopts a series of policies,and builds a relatively complete cyberspace governance system by means of top-level design and improving the laws,regulations and governing mechanisms.Concerning cyberspace governance,Russia has unique features,which is worth in-depth research and using for reference.In the future,Russia will continue to improve its cyberspace governance from the aspects of legislation,technology,and international cooperation,and avoid the negative impact of Internet politics on national security.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 互联网 网络空间治理 

分 类 号：D73[政治法律—政治学] D875.123[政治法律—中外政治制度]