鄂尔多斯盆地白垩纪沉积体系及古地理演化  

Depositional system and paleogeographic evolutionof the cretaceous of Ordos Basin

作　　者：庞军刚 李文厚[3] 国吉安[4] 阮昱 李卫红 常梁杰 龚斌利 王欣月 郭艳琴 马治国 PANG Jungang;LI Wenhou;GUO Ji′an;RUAN Yu;LI Weihong;CHANG Liangjie;GONG Binli;WANG Xinyue;GUO Yanqin;MA Zhiguo(School of Earth Science and Engineering,Xi′an Shiyou University,Xi′an 710065,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Geology,Xi′an Shiyou University,Xi′an 710065,China;Geological Department,State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University,Xi′an 710069,China;No.2 Comprehensive Geophysical Prospecting Brigade Shaanxi Geological Mining CO.,Ltd,Xi′an 710016,China;No.3 Gas Production Plant of Changqing Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Wushenqi 017300,China;No.203 Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Xianyang 12000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院,陕西西安710065 [2]西安石油大学陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [3]西北大学地质学系/大陆动力学国家重点实验室,陕西西安710069 [4]陕西地矿第二综合物探大队有限公司,陕西西安710016 [5]长庆油田分公司第三采气厂,内蒙乌审旗017300 [6]核工业203研究所,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期314-324,共11页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：中国地质调查局矿产资源调查评价项目(121201011000150014);地质矿产调查评价项目(21201011000150014);“十三五”国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05050006;2017ZX05005-002-04);西安石油大学科研创新团队(2013KYCXTD03)联合资助。

摘　　要：基于多年对鄂尔多斯盆地白垩纪的研究成果,结合大量野外剖面实测、钻井资料分析,利用沉积相及古地理恢复技术,从沉积体系类型及特征、古地理演化等方面,对研究区白垩纪的古地理及沉积演化进行研究。研究后认为,研究区白垩纪发育的沉积体系有冲积扇、河流、湖泊、三角洲及沙漠沉积体系。在古地理演化过程中,宜君期仅在南缘的宜君—彬州一带发育有冲积扇;洛河期气候干旱,沉积范围大,主要发育沙漠相沉积,其次发育冲积扇、河流、滨浅湖及丘间(沙漠湖);环河—华池期,沉积范围较早期要小,以辫状河、湖泊、(辫状河)三角洲沉积为主,是湖泊发育的鼎盛期;罗汉洞期,盆地再次抬升,气候又转向干旱。边部发育冲积扇、河流相,向盆地西南中心逐渐过渡为沙漠相、河流及湖泊相;泾川期,地层分布范围非常局限,残留厚度也不大。气候转向温润,主要发育湖泊相,其次为河流相。同时,本研究绘制了鄂尔多斯盆地白垩纪各期的沉积相平面展布图,为白垩纪鄂尔多斯盆地原始沉积面貌的恢复提供了新的依据。Based on the authors′research results on Cretaceous in Ordos Area for many years,and combined with the field measurements and well logs in recent years,the techniques of sedimentary facies and paleogeographic restoration were used to study the types and characteristic of sedimentary system,and paleogeographic evolution rules of Cretaceous the Ordos Basin.The result shows that the sedimentary systems developed in the study area in the Cretaceous period include alluvial fans,rivers,lakes,deltas and desert sedimentary systems.In the process of paleogeographic evolution,alluvial fans were developed only in the Yijun-Binzhou area on the southern margin of the Yijun period.During the Luohe period,the climate was arid and the deposition range was large,and desert deposits were mainly developed.Secondly,alluvial fans,rivers,shore shallow lakes and hills were developed.During the Huanhe-Huachi period,the deposition range was smaller than that in the early period,and it is dominated by braided river,lake,and braided-river-fed deltas sedimentation,which is the peak period of lake development.During the Luohandong period,the basin was uplifted again and the climate turned to arid.The alluvial fan and river enviroments were developed on the edge,and gradually changed to the desert environment,tansformed into rivers and lacustrine environments towards the southwest center of the basin.In the Jingchuan period,the distribution range of preserved strata is very limited,and the residual thickness is also not large.The climate changed to warm and humid,when mainly developed lacustrine,followed by fluvials.Based on this study mentioned above,the distribution maps of sedimentary facies in planeview of the Ordos area in all stages of Cretaceous were drawn,which provides a new basis for the restoration of the original sedimentary features of the Ordos Basin in the Cretaceous.

关 键 词：古沙漠 风成沉积 水成沉积 沉积体系 古地理演化 志丹群 鄂尔多斯 

分 类 号：P531[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]