民勤青土湖区不同土地利用类型土壤盐渍化特征  

Soil salinization characteristics of different land-use types in the Qingtu Lake area of Minqin County

作　　者：顾梦鹤 李明红 刘调平 薛娴 刘树林 Gu Meng-he;Li Ming-hong;Liu Diao-ping;Xue Xian;Liu Shu-lin(Research Station of Salinization in Arid Area,Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Science,Lanzhou 730000,China;Science and Technology Development Consulting Service Center of Jingyuan County,Jingyuan 730600,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,干旱区盐渍化研究站,兰州730000 [2]靖远科学技术开发咨询服务中心,甘肃靖远730600

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期117-121,128,共6页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2016YFC0500902);靖远县科技计划项目(JK2019-1-05)。

摘　　要：以民勤青土湖区3种不同土地利用类型的土壤为研究对象,对其土壤盐渍化程度、类型以及土壤全盐和盐分离子的变化进行分析.结果表明,民勤湖区土壤pH 7.18~7.82,呈弱碱性, w(土壤全盐)=6.48×10^(-3),属于重度盐渍化土壤;土壤中阳离子以Ca^(2+)和Na^(+)为主,阴离子以SO_(4)^(2-)和Cl^(-)为主,土壤盐分以硫酸盐为主,其次是氯化盐.土地利用方式对w(土壤全盐)和w(盐分离子)有较大影响, 20世纪60年代人工林地的最高,弃耕还林地次之,弃耕地最低.弃耕地自然恢复有利于降低w(土壤全盐)和w(盐分离子).相同的土地利用方式,不同植被对w(土壤全盐)有显著影响, 3种人工林中柽柳林地的w(土壤全盐)最高,沙枣林地次之,梭梭林地最低.盐生植物随着生长时间的增加对土壤盐渍化有显著影响,种植柽柳增加了w(土壤全盐),种植梭梭降低了w(土壤全盐).The soil salinization degree and types, and changes in total salt and salt ions in soil were studied among three different land-use patterns in the Qingtu Lake area of Minqin County and the results showed that the pH value of the soil was 7.18-7.82, and the soil was of weak alkaline. w(total salt) in soil was 6.48×10^(-3), indicating that the soil belonged to the heavy salinized soil in study area. Ca^(2+) and Na^(+) were the main cations, SO_(4)^(2-) and Cl^(-) was the main anion in soil salinity, and sulfate was the main soil salinity, followed by chloride salt. The land use pattern thereof had a great influence on w(total salt)and w(salt ions) in soil. w(total salt) in soil of artificial forests in the 1960 s was the highest, followed by that of the abandoned farmland for forest, and that of the abandoned farmland was the lowest. Of the three land use patterns, the natural recovery of abandoned farmland was conducive to reducing w(total salt) and w(salt ions) in soil. With the same land use pattern, different vegetations had significant influence on w(total salt) in soil. In the three artificial forests, w(total salt) in soil of Tamarix chinensis forest was the highest, that of Elaeagnus angustifolia forest the second, and that of Haloxylon ammodendron forest the lowest. With the increase of growth time, halophytes had a significant impact on soil salinization. Planting T. chinensis increased soil w(total salt), while planting H. ammodendron decreased it.

关 键 词：土壤盐渍化 土壤盐分离子 变异系数 土地利用 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]