区域构造特征与岩溶发育空间分布关系研究——以长沙市煤炭坝地区为例  

Study on the relationship between regional tectonic framework and spatial distribution of karst——Taking thecoal dam area of Changsha as an example

作　　者：尹欧 何阳 李彬 杨帆 凌跃新 柏道远 YIN Ou;HE Yang;LI Bin;YANG Fan;LING Yue-xin;BAI Dao-yuan(Hunan geological survey institute,Changsha,Hunan 410014)

机构地区：[1]湖南省地质调查院,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《地下水》2021年第1期114-116,181,共4页Ground water

基　　金：湖南省科技计划项目经费资助(2018JJ3270);中国地质调查项目(DD20160031-04)。

摘　　要：岩溶地层的岩溶发育程度主要受地层岩性、断裂构造、节理裂隙、断块运动等控制。本文以长沙市煤炭坝地区为例,以岩溶塌陷发育特征、岩溶构造条件等为研究基础,深入剖析区域构造运动与岩溶地层裂隙发育关系,确定区内岩溶构造与岩溶发育程度的关系。研究发现区内构造运动分为四个期次:前期造山运动、中期构造挤压破坏、后期区域断陷下沉、近期相对抬升,四个阶段的构造历程造就区内复杂的岩溶发育基础条件。结合前人资料分析提出:研究区内岩溶发育空间分布受区域构造运动作用明显,印支期花岗岩侵入,造就区域复式向斜轮廓,并形成区域断裂带,随之影响岩溶发育深度,向背斜褶皱带岩溶强发育特征明显;北东侧洞庭盆地的断陷沉降以及研究区的相对断陷及抬升,导致东部埋藏型岩溶区的岩溶强度总体自西向东变弱,而在北部及背斜中部地段加强,并形成地表径流主方向,从而形成了沿水系发育的岩溶增强带。Karst growth is mainly controlled by strata lithology,fault structure,joint fissure and fault block movement.In this paper,coal dam is studied as an typical example to deepen the understanding of the relationship between the regional tectonic framework and karst evolution by the analysis on the controlling role of tectonic movements on the distribution of rock cracks and karst pipelines.It is found that the tectonic movements in the area can be divided into four stages:earlier stage builder Movement,Mid-term tectonic compression failure,Late regional subsidence,and Recent relative uplift,which formed background conditions for karst development d at different stages.The research results show that tectonic action has an important control effect on the spatial distribution of karst development.In the Indosinian period,granite invaded and create a regional compound syncline,which determined the depth of karst evolution for the regional fault zone.The tectonic subsidence of the Dongting Basin and the tectonic uplift of the study area formed a special karst pattern,which is that,the karst density in the eastern buried karst area generally decreases from west to east and in the north and the middle part of the anticline,it strengthens and forms the main direction of surface runoff,thus forming a karst enhancement zone along the water system.

关 键 词：构造运动 岩溶发育特征 关系 煤炭坝 

分 类 号：P642.252[天文地球—工程地质学]