紫苏叶不同栽培年份和采收期8种酚类成分含量研究  

Contents determination of eight phenolic compounds in Perilla frutescens leaves of different cultivation years and harvesting periods

作　　者：落艳娇 郭佳琪 李卫萍[1] 姚宇 温春梅 郭宝林[1] LUO Yan-jiao;GUO Jia-qi;LI Wei-ping;YAO Yu;WEN Chun-mei;GUO Bao-lin(Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Science,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193,China;College of Pharmacy,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [2]山西医科大学药学院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2021年第3期567-574,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-JIN-34)。

摘　　要：该文建立了同时测定紫苏叶中迷迭香酸(RA)和咖啡酸(CA)2种酚酸,野黄芩素-7-O-二葡萄糖醛酸苷(SDG)、木犀草素-7-O-二葡萄糖醛酸苷(LDG)、芹菜素-7-O-二葡萄糖醛酸苷(ADG)、野黄芩素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(SG)、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(LG)、芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(AG)6种黄酮含量的方法。基于10份包括不同挥发油化学型的紫苏种质,以及不同栽培年份和不同采收期的材料,测定上述8种成分的含量。结果表明不同种质间酚酸总含量和黄酮总含量差异大,2种酚酸总量为2.24~34.44 mg·g^(-1),6种黄酮总量为11.55~34.71 mg·g^(-1)。各成分按照含量由多到少的顺序为RA 2.13~33.97 mg·g^(-1),LDG 1.31~14.80 mg·g^(-1),SG 1.97~8.45 mg·g^(-1),ADG 2.68~7.60 mg·g^(-1),SDG 1.16~5.87 mg·g^(-1),LG 0.78~1.91 mg·g^(-1),AG 0.56~1.00 mg·g^(-1),CA 0.11~0.68 mg·g^(-1)。5份PA型种质中多数成分的含量在2017年高于2018年,表现出不同栽培年份变化较大。9份种质的2种酚酸类成分含量随采收时间的变化,在穗前期(8月3日—8月18日)先降低,在开花结实期,8月18日—9月2日开始升高,9月2日—9月17日有缓慢降低趋势,在果熟期再次升高;而6种黄酮类成分的含量在不同种质中随采收时间变化趋势不一致。部分种质中黄酮类与酚酸类成分的变化呈现负相关,酚酸类成分的变化和挥发油化学型构成没有相关性。该论文为高品质紫苏药材的栽培提供参考。A method was established for content determination of two kinds of phenolic acids,including rosmarinic acid (RA)and caffeic acid(CA),and six kinds of flavonoids including scutellarein-7-O-diglucuronide(SDG),luteolin-7-O-diglucuronide(LDG),apigenin-7-O-diglucuronide(ADG),scutellarin-7-O-glucuronide(SG),luteolin-7-O-glucuronide(LG),and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide(AG)in Perilla frutescens leaves.The content of eight chemical components was measured based on ten P.frutescens germplasms of different chemotypes of volatile oil,different cultivated years,and different harvesting periods.The results showed that there was a great difference between the two kinds of constituents of different germplasms.The total content of the two phenolic acids was 2.24-34.44 mg·g^(-1),and the total content of the six flavonoids was 11.55-34.71 mg·g^(-1).Then according to content from most to least,the order of each component was RA(2.13-33.97 mg·g^(-1)),LDG(1.31-14.80 mg·g^(-1)),SG(1.97-8.45 mg·g^(-1)),ADG(2.68-7.60 mg·g^(-1)),SDG(1.16-5.87 mg·g^(-1)),LG(0.78-1.91 mg·g^(-1)),AG(0.56-1.00 mg·g^(-1)),and CA(0.11-0.68 mg·g^(-1)).The chemical contents of the 5 PA-type germplasms in 2017 were mostly higher than those in 2018 showing a large variation with the cultivation years.These contents of two kinds of phenolic acids of 9 germplasms fluctuated with the harvesting time.The content decreased before early flower spike(the 3rd to 18th in August)at first and began to increase in flowering and fruiting period(the 18th in August to 2nd in September).However,these contents had slowly decreasing trend after 2nd in September till 17th in the same month.Interestingly,the content raised again in the maturity of fruits.The variation tendency of contents in six kinds of flavonoids components was inconsistent in different germplasms with the variation of harvesting time.The content of flavonoids in part of germplasms was negatively correlated with the fluctuation of phenolic acids.There was no correlation between phenolic acids and chemical type

关 键 词：紫苏叶 酚酸含量 黄酮含量 迷迭香酸 不同采收期 不同栽培年份 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]