金属氧化物陶瓷涂层高温阻氘渗透性能研究  

Deuterium Permeation Resistance of Metal Oxide Ceramic Coatings at High Temperature

作　　者：王维静 刘晓鹏 袁比飞[1] 于庆河 屈文涛[1] Wang Weijing;Liu Xiaopeng;Yuan Bifei;Yu Qinghe;Qu Wentao(College of Mechanical Engineering,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710000,China;Institute of Energy Materials and Technology,GRIM AT Engineering Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing 101407,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710000 [2]有研工程技术研究院有限公司能源与技术材料研究所,北京101407

出　　处：《稀有金属》2021年第2期203-209,共7页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51671034)资助。

摘　　要：采用射频磁控溅射方法在316L不锈钢表面沉积了Al_(2)O_(3),Cr_(2)O_(3),Y_(2)O_(3)和ZrO_(2)(8%Y_(2)O_(3))4种单层氧化物陶瓷涂层。选用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对4种氧化物陶瓷涂层相组成、微观组织结构进行表征,结果表明,Al_(2)O_(3)涂层为非晶态,其他3种氧化物陶瓷涂层均为晶体结构,且涂层沉积致密,无明显微观缺陷产生。采用气相氢渗透装置对各涂层的氘渗透性能进行测试,结果表明,受氧化物中金属离子与氧的结合能的影响,在973 K@80 kPa氢渗透压下,厚度约为250 nm的Al_(2)O_(3),Cr_(2)O_(3),Y_(2)O_(3)和ZrO_(2)(8%Y_(2)O_(3))涂层氘渗透阻挡因子(DPRF)分别为103,46,112和256,表明4种氧化物陶瓷涂层均具有良好的阻氘渗透性能,其中Y_(2)O_(3)陶瓷涂层阻氘渗透性能最好。因此,以Y_(2)O_(3)陶瓷涂层为例,研究厚度对涂层阻氘渗透性能的影响,在涂层厚度为139~251 nm范围内,氘渗透激活能和D-PRF随着涂层厚度的增加而线性增大。随着Y_(2)O_(3)涂层厚度增加,氘渗透量减少,阻氘渗透性能提高。Deuterium and tritium with tiny atomic radius,as nuclear fuel,have the extremely strong permeability,which will lead to hydrogen embrittlement and surface corrosion of the metallic structure materials.In addition,tritium has strong radioactivity and is in direct contact with the inner wall of the vessels and pipes.The high permeation rate of deuterium and tritium will lead to waste of nuclear fuel,and also cause radioactive contamination of the surroundings.The four oxide ceramic coatings were prepared on the inner wall of the structural material in order to suppress the permeation rate of hydrogen and its isotopes.The method of the radio frequency magnetron sputtering was used to prepare four single oxide ceramic coatings,namely Al_(2)O_(3),Cr_(2)O_(3),Y_(2)O_(3) and ZrO_(2)(8%Y_(2)O_(3))on the 316 L stainless steel.Then the coatings were annealed at 973 K and held for 2 h.The purpose was to improve the density of structure and the uniformity of the composition of the coatings.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)were used to characterize the phase composition and microstructure of the oxide ceramic coatings.In addition,the gas permeation method was used to measure the deuterium resistance of the coatings.The range of measure temperature was 973-973 K,and the range of measure permeation pressure was 40-100 kPa.By characterizing the crystalline state of the four coatings,the results showed that Al_(2)O_(3) coating was amorphous,and the Cr_(2)O_(3),ZrO_(2)(8%Y_(2)O_(3))and Y_(2)O_(3) coatings were all crystalline structures.Cr_(2)O_(3) coating was the R-3 C space group(hexagonal crystal system;lattice constant a=b=0.4959 nm,c=1.3594 nm).ZrO_(2)(8%Y_(2)O_(3))coating was belonged to the P42/nmc space group(tetragonal crystal structure;lattice constants a=b=0.3629 nm,c=0.5143 nm).Y_(2)O_(3) coating was the body-centered cubic with the lattice constant of a=b=c=1.0611 nm.It could be seen from SEM images that the four coatings were intensely deposited along the depth direction.ZrO_(2)(8%Y_(2)O_(3)

关 键 词：氘渗透性 厚度 氧化物涂层 射频磁控溅射 

分 类 号：O484[理学—固体物理]