基于PCA-RA的滨海矿井水源识别技术研究  

Technological research on water source identiftcation of coastal coalmines based on PCA-RA

作　　者：陈绍杰[1] 刘久潭 汪锋 周景奎 唐鹏飞 高宗军 CHEN Shaojie;LIU Jiutan;WANG Feng;ZHOU Jingkui;TANG Pengfei;GAO Zongjun(School of Construction Management,Jiangsu Vocational Ins itute of Architectural Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics&Deep Underground En ineering,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou 22116,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学能源与矿业工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东能源龙口矿业集团梁家煤矿,山东龙口265700 [3]山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2021年第2期217-225,共9页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51774194);“泰山学者工程”资助项目(tsqn201812067);山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究资助项目(ZR2018ZC0740)。

摘　　要：煤炭开采过程中矿井水害的发生,严重威胁着煤矿的安全生产,确定水源数量和类型对于矿井水害的防治具有重要意义。为了明确滨海煤矿矿井水补给来源的数量和类型,以龙口梁家煤矿为例,对矿区内不同水体(矿井水、第四系水和地表塌陷区积水)分别进行取样,并基于水化学和主成分分析-残差分析(PCA-RA)进行矿井水源识别。结果表明:梁家煤矿区内第四系水、地表塌陷区积水和矿井水中的主要化学组分含量差别较大,且受到了海水入侵作用的影响。就均值而言,矿井水中的阳阴离子质量浓度分别存在着ρ(Na^(+))>ρ(Ca^(2+))>ρ(Mg^(2+))>ρ(K^(+))和ρ(HCO_(3)^(-))>ρ(Cl-)>ρ(SO_(4)^(2))>ρ(Cl-)的关系。不同水体中,Cl-和Na+均为优势阴、阳离子,水化学类型以Na-Cl型为主,并且3种水体之间存在着一定的水力联系。选取的水化学数据适合进行PCA,但仅根据特征值大于1或是累计方差贡献率大于85%来确定主成分的数量,并不能很好地表征原始数据的全部信息。基于水化学和PCA-RA方法,确定了梁家煤矿矿井水共有5个补给来源,即海水、富HCO3基岩水、塌陷区积水、混合水和第四系水。PCA-RA法能有效地处理和表征原始水质数据信息,可更加合理地确定矿井水的补给来源类型和数量。研究结果可为滨海煤矿区的水害防治提供科学依据。The occurrence of mine water hazards during coal mining has seriously threatened the safety of coal mines.Determining the quan⁃tity and type of water sources is of great significance to the prevention of water hazards.In order to determine the quantity and type of mine water supply sources in coastal coal mine,taking Liangjia Coal Mine in Longkou as an example,different water bodies(mine water,qua⁃ternary water and accumulated water in the subsidence area)in the mining area were sampled respectively,and mine water sources were i⁃dentified based on hydrochemistry and principal component analysis residual analysis(PCA-RA).The results show that the contents of main chemical components in Quaternary water,accumulated water in the subsidence area and mine water in Liangjia Coal Mine area are quite different,and are affected by seawater intrusion.In terms of mean value,the mass concentrations of cations and anions in mine water have the relationships of Na^(+)>Ca^(2+)>Mg^(2+)>K+and HCO_(3)^(-)>Cl->SO_(4)^(2)>Cl-,respectively.In different water bodies,Cl-and Na+are dominant anions and cations,and the hydrochemical type is mainly Na-Cl type,and there is a certain hydraulic connection among the three water bodies.The selected water chemistry data is suitable for PCA,but the number of principal components is only determined based on the criterion that the characteristic value is greater than 1 or the cumulative variance contribution rate is greater than 85%,which cannot well re⁃present all the information of the original data.Based on the method of water chemistry and PCA-RA,it is determined that there are five recharge sources for mine water in Liangjia Coal Mine,namely seawater,HCO_(3)-rich bedrock water,accumulated water in the subsidence area,mixed water and Quaternary water.The PCA-RA method can effectively process and characterize the information of the original water quality data,and it can be more reasonable to determine the type and quantity of the recharge source of mine water.The research results can pro

关 键 词：滨海煤矿区 主成分分析 残差分析 水源识别 梁家煤矿 

分 类 号：TD741[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]