阻燃剂多尺度结构设计与绿色火安全材料研发  

Research and development of green fire safety materials based on multi-scale structural design of fire retardant

作　　者：许一婷 王华进[2] 王子超 曾碧榕 袁丛辉 卢伟[2] Jean-Francois Gerard 戴李宗 XU Yiting;WANG Huajin;WANG Zichao;ZENG Birong;YUAN Conghui;LU Wei;GERARD Jean-Francois;DAI Lizong(Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire and Flame Retardant Materials,College of Materials,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Coatings,Marine Chemical Research Institute,Qingdao 266071,China;Xiamen Daping Industry and Trade Co.LTD,Xiamen 361004,China;Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères-UMR CNRS #5223,INSA de Lyon,Villeurbanne Cedex 69621,France)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学材料学院,福建省防火阻燃材料重点实验室,福建厦门361005 [2]海洋涂料国家重点实验室,海洋化工研究院有限公司,山东青岛266071 [3]厦门大平工贸有限公司,福建厦门361004 [4]Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères-UMR CNRS #5223,INSA de Lyon,69621 Villeurbanne Cedex (France)

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期247-262,共16页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金促进海峡两岸科技合作联合基金(U1205113,U1805253);国家自然科学基金(50873082,51573150,51973179);福建省科技计划项目(2014H2006,2018HZ0001-1);福建省自然科学基金(2010J01306,2016J01257,2018J01079,2019J01032);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20103004,3502Z20120015,3502Z20133003,3502Z20130033,3502Z20183001);福建省发改委专项(闽财指[2017]717号,闽财指[2011]777号)。

摘　　要：通用聚合物具有易燃性,遇火迅速燃烧并释放大量有毒烟气,严重威胁着人类的生命财产安全.因此,绿色火安全材料的研发是符合国家战略发展需求的重要课题之一.运用多元素杂化改性、超分子自组装等前沿新方法、新技术,从不同尺度对无卤阻燃剂的结构进行设计,可以实现对高性能聚合物材料的阻燃改性,构筑绿色火安全材料.本文主要介绍厦门大学及其合作单位在防火阻燃材料领域的研究工作,包括分子水平上的P/N阻燃体系与多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)基多元素阻燃体系设计、纳米尺度的无机材料表面有机功能化阻燃剂体系设计等方面的研究,以及在环氧树脂、聚氨酯发泡材料、防火涂料的应用研究,并提出防火阻燃材料的发展趋势.Most general-purpose polymer materials are flammable,and they burn quickly in case of fire.The release of large amounts of toxic gases and smoke seriously threatens the safety of human life and property.Therefore,the construction of green fire safety materials is one of the important topics in line with the national strategic development.By using multi-element hybrid modification technology,supramolecular self-assembly,and other frontier new methods and new technologies,the structure of halogen-free flame retardant is designed from different scales,which can realize high flame retardant and high performance of the polymer materials,to build green fire safety materials.This paper mainly introduces the researches by Xiamen University and her collaborators in design of the P/N flame retardant unit at molecular level,the polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxane(POSS)-based organic/inorganic hybrid multi-element flame retardant system,and the surface organic functionalized inorganic nanoparticles flame retardant smoke suppression system on nano scale.Their applications in epoxy resin,polyurethane foam material and fire retardant coating are also presented and the development trend of fireproof and flame retardant materials is put forward.Obviously,the work provides reference and guidance for the development of green fire safety materials.

关 键 词：防火阻燃材料 多尺度结构设计 多元素杂化 有机/无机纳米复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ314.24[化学工程—高聚物工业]