Effects of the nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin and the plant growth regulator gibberellic acid on yield-scale nitrous oxide emission in maize fields under hot climatic conditions  

作　　者：Khadim DAWAR Kamil SARDAR Mohammad ZAMAN Christoph MÜLLER Alberto SANZ-COBENA Aamir KHAN Azam BORZOUEI Ana Gabriela PÉREZ-CASTILLO 

机构地区：[1]Department of Soil and Environmental Science,University of Agriculture Peshawar,Peshawa 25000(Pakistan) [2]Soil and Water Management&Crop Nutrition,Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food&Agriculture,P.O.Box 100,Vienna A-1400(Austria) [3]Institute of Plant Ecology,Justus Liebig University,Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26,Giessen D-35392(Germany) [4]School of Biology and Environmental Science,University College Dublin,Belfield,D04 V1W8(Ireland) [5]Management of Environment and Agricultural Risks(CEIGRAM),ETSIAAB,Universidad Poliécnica de Madrid,Madrid 28040(Spain) [6]Agricultural Research School,Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute,P.O.Box 31465/1498,Karaj(Iran) [7]Environmental Pollution Research Center(CICA),University of Costa Rica,Montes de Oca 11501(Costa Rica)

出　　处：《Pedosphere》2021年第2期323-331,共9页土壤圈（英文版）

基　　金：funded by the International Atomic Energy Agency through a Coordinated Research Project(CRP D1.50.16)“Minimizing Farming Impacts on Climate Change by Enhancing Carbon and Nitrogen Capture and Storage in Agro-Ecosystems”(18595)of Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Section,Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture,Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications。

摘　　要：Nitrification inhibitors are widely used in agriculture to mitigate nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emission and increase crop yield.However,no concrete information on their mitigation of N_(2)O emission is available under soil and environmental conditions as in Pakistan.A field experiment was established using a silt clay loam soil from Peshawar,Pakistan,to study the effect of urea applied in combination with a nitrification inhibitor,nitrapyrin(2-chloro-6-tri-chloromethyl pyridine),and/or a plant growth regulator,gibberellic acid(GA_3),on N_(2)O emission and the nitrogen(N)uptake efficiency of maize.The experimental design was a randomized complete block with five treatments in four replicates:control with no N(CK),urea(200 kg N ha^(-1))alone,urea in combination with nitrapyrin(700 g ha^(-1)),urea in combination with GA_3(60 g ha^(-1)),and urea in combination with nitrapyrin and GA_3.The N_(2)O emission,yield,N response efficiency,and total N uptake were measured during the experimental period.The treatment with urea and nitrapyrin reduced total N_(2)O emission by 39%–43%and decreased yield-scaled N_(2)O emission by 47%–52%,relative to the treatment with urea alone.The maize plant biomass,grain yield,and total N uptake increased significantly by 23%,17%,and 15%,respectively,in the treatment with urea and nitrapyrin,relative to the treatment with urea alone,which was possibly due to N saving,lower N loss,and increased N uptake in the form of ammonium;they were further enhanced in the treatment with urea,nitrapyrin,and GA_3 by 27%,36%,and 25%,respectively,probably because of the stimulating effect of GA_3 on plant growth and development and the reduction in biotic and abiotic stresses.These results suggest that applying urea in combination with nitrapyrin and GA_3 has the potential to mitigate N_(2)O emission,improve N response efficiency,and increase maize yield.

关 键 词：fertilizer use efficiency greenhouse gas emission mitigation N response efficiency N uptake efficiency N_(2)O flux plant growth hormone UREA 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]