Assessments on surface water resources and their vulnerability and adaptability in China  

作　　者：QIN Jia DING Yong-Jian ZHAO Qiu-Dong WANG Shao-Ping CHANG Ya-Ping 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,730000,China [2]Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology Inland River Basin,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,730000,China [3]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China

出　　处：《Advances in Climate Change Research》2020年第4期381-391,共11页气候变化研究进展（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(41877156,41730751,and 41771040);the Chinese Academy of Sciences STS Project(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-052);the Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province,China(20JR5RA545);the Youth Talent Project of Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences(FEYS2019016).

摘　　要：A clear understanding of the changes of water resources under the background of environmental changes is of great significance for scientific management and utilization of water resources in China.This study systematically analyzed the spatialetemporal variations of surface water resources in China since 2000.Water vulnerability in current(2010s)and its trends from 2000 to late-2010s in different regions of China were also summarized.In addition,the correspondingly adaptive measures to counter regional risks to water resources were proposed.We concluded that the runoff of major rivers had been decreasing in eastern China and increasing in western China during 2000-2018.In the arid area of Northwest China,the alpine runoff has shown an overall upward trend since the late-1990s/early-2000s,with a 10%-25% increase caused by the increase of glacial meltwater and precipitation.While the runoff of each hydrological station in the 2000s-2010s was 34.7% lower than that in the 1950se2010s on average.The increases in precipitation and glacial meltwater with global warming caused a rapid expansion of lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Xinjiang,thus leading to an increase in total area and water quantity of lakes in China from 1995 to 2015.The mean contribution rates of climate change and human activity to runoff change in river basins of China were 53.5% and 46.5%,respectively,during the period of 2000-2010s.The driving factor of runoff change in many river basins has gradually changed from climate change(1950s-2000)to human activity(2000-2018).During 2000-2018,the contributions of human activities to runoff change were 50%-80% in major rivers of eastern China.The vulnerability in most areas of Northwest China and North China is generally high,with the vulnerability index greater than 0.6.Comparatively,in Northeast,East,South,and Central China,it is lower or not vulnerable.In Southwest China,the vulnerability varies greatly with Yunnan and Sichuan relatively low while Chongqing and Guizhou relatively high.The precipitat

关 键 词：Runoff change Lake area Surface water vulnerability Adaptation measures China 

分 类 号：P64[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]