基于现场热力参数的汽轮机通流部分故障诊断方法及应用  

Fault diagnosis method of turbine flow passage based on on-site thermal parameters and its application

作　　者：薛朝囡 高登攀[1] 张永海[1] 支德胜 曾立飞 石慧[1] 张学延[1] XUE Zhaonan;GAO Dengpan;ZHANG Yonghai;ZHI Desheng;ZENG Lifei;SHI Hui;ZHANG Xueyan(Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China;Shenzhen Mawan Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054 [2]深圳妈湾电力有限公司,广东深圳518054

出　　处：《热力发电》2021年第4期143-148,共6页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：中国华能集团有限公司总部科技项目(HNKJ18-H16)。

摘　　要：汽轮机故障诊断关系到整个电厂的安全经济运行。热力参数故障诊断可实现早发现,并能快速定位故障位置。本文提出了基于现场热力参数的级组效率和特征通流面积的诊断方法,并结合现场实际数据对该方法进行验证;采用基于现场热力参数的特征通流面积和级组效率的诊断方法,实现对机组通流状态的在线监测与诊断分析。通过对某电厂300 MW机组故障诊断研究发现:级组效率和特征通流面积在主蒸汽到调节级段、中压缸进汽到三段抽汽级段发生了明显变化;基于调节阀门开度流量特性,分析发现主蒸汽到调节级的效率和特征通流面积变化是由高压调节阀开度变化引起的;中压缸进汽到三段抽汽级段的特征通流面积减小约7.2%级组效率下降5.7%,判定故障发生在该级组段,诊断结果准确可靠,与现场实际完全吻合。Fault diagnosis of steam turbine is related to the safe and economical operation of the whole power plant.The fault diagnosis of thermal parameters can realize early detection and can quickly locate the fault position.In this paper,the diagnosis method of characteristic flow area and stage group efficiency based on on-site thermodynamic parameters is adopted to realize on-line monitoring and diagnosis analysis of unit flow state.Through fault diagnosis for a 300 MW unit,it is found that the efficiency and characteristic flow area of the stage group have changed obviously in the stage from main steam to the governing stage and stage from the inlet of intermediate pressure cylinder to the third extraction point.Based on the characteristics of governing valves,it is found that the change of efficiency and characteristic flow area from the main steam to the governing stage is caused by opening change of the high-pressure governing valves.The characteristic flow area reduces by 7.2%,and the efficiency decreases by 5.7%.Therefore,the fault is judged to have occurred at stage from the inlet of intermediate pressure cylinder to the third extraction point.The diagnosis results are accurate and completely consistent with the actual situation.

关 键 词：汽轮机 通流部分 故障诊断 特征通流面积 级组效率 故障位置 热力参数 

分 类 号：TK268[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]