短柄五加种子育苗技术研究  

Study on Seedling-raising Techniques of Eleutherococcus brachypus (Harms) Nakai Seeds

作　　者：赵新礼 朱爱华 崔蕾 舒泉湧 ZHAO Xin-li;ZHU Ai-hua;CUI Lei(Shaanxi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shaanxi Medical Information Center,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712000;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine Research and Development,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710075)

机构地区：[1]陕西中药研究所,陕西医药信息中心,陕西咸阳712000 [2]陕西省中药与天然药物研发重点实验室,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第7期57-60,91,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程项目(2016KTTSSF 01-01-02);咸阳市重大科技专项计划(2014K01-17)。

摘　　要：[目的]探索短柄五加种子发育规律,缩短种子后熟时间,提高种子育苗成功率。[方法]采取种子层积变温沙藏处理的方法,缩短种子后熟时间,浅播及加强幼苗管理等措施提高种子育苗成苗率。[结果]该方法处理可使种子的后熟期缩短至150 d,具胚率由14.13%以下提高到84.62%以上,大于3.00 mm的成熟胚所占比列高达75%以上,150 d和180 d时发芽率分别为4.56%~13.05%和17.19%~47.56%。浅播与苗期管理等措施使种子出苗率达(11.47±3.73)%,2年成苗率达(79.44±5.18)%。[结论]初步掌握了短柄五加种子发育规律,建立了缩短种子后熟时间的方法,解决了种子发芽难的问题,同时对播种方法、田间管理等进行了研究,为短柄五加的种子育苗和推广应用奠定了基础。[Objective]To explore the development law of Eleutherococcus brachypus(Harms)Nakai seeds,shorten the after-ripening time of seeds and increase the success rate of seed breeding.[Method]The sand storage treatment of seed stratification with variable temperature was used to shorten the seed after-ripening time,shallow sowing and strengthen the management of seedling to increase the rate of seedling.[Result]The post-ripening period of the seeds was shortened to 150 d after the sand storage treatment of seed stratification with variable temperature,and the percentage of embryos with embryo increased from less than 14.13%to more than 84.62%,and the proportion of mature embryos larger than 3.00 mm was more than 75%,the germination rate was 4.56%-13.05%at 150 d and 17.19%-47.56%at 180 d.The seed emergence rate reached(11.47±3.73)%and the two-year seedling rate reached(79.44±5.18)%.[Conclusion]The development law of Eleutherococcus brachypus(Harms)Nakai seeds has been preliminarily mastered,and the method of shortening the after-ripening time of the seeds by the treatment of variable temperature stratification sand storage has been established,and the difficult problem of seed germination has been solved,at the same time,the sowing method and field management techniques have been studied,which laid a foundation for the seed breeding and popularization.

关 键 词：短柄五加 种子层积变温沙藏处理 种胚发育 种子育苗技术 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]