2020年春节期间芜湖市典型大气污染过程分析  

Analysis of Typical Air Pollution Event in Wuhu During Spring Festival in 2020

作　　者：查书平 李新宇 张东 王文婧 董艳[3] 胡秀芳[3] ZHA Shuping;LI Xinyu;ZHANG Dong;WANG Wenjing;DONG Yan;HU Xiufang(Wuhu Institute of Technology,Wuhu 241006,China;Wuhu Ecological Environment Bureau,Wuhu 241006,China;School of Geography Sciences,Nantong University,Nantong 226007,China)

机构地区：[1]芜湖职业技术学院,安徽芜湖241006 [2]芜湖市生态环境局,安徽芜湖241006 [3]南通大学地理科学学院,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《大气与环境光学学报》2021年第2期127-137,共11页Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics

基　　金：国家自然基金项目,41475109,41601189,41701634;安徽省高校自然科学重点研究项目,KJ2019A0984;大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目,DQGG-05-32;科技创新团队项目,wzykjtd202001;科技创新服务平台培育项目,Kjcxpt202007。

摘　　要：2020年春节期间(1月24日–2月8日),受新冠肺炎疫情影响,芜湖市居民活动水平降到最低,但芜湖市却出现了三次不同程度的空气污染过程,为探索芜湖市大气污染成因提供了契机。利用地面气象要素监测数据、激光雷达监测数据以及HYSPLIT后向轨迹模型分析了这三次污染过程的污染特征和成因。结果表明:1月27日08:00–28日18:00第一次污染过程,是在本地基础排放量不变的情况下,高湿静稳的大气环境诱发的10小时短暂性污染过程;1月29日17:00–2月1日13:00第二次污染过程,是在重点企业排放量增加、大气扩散条件较不利的情况下,受源自河北、河南、山东等地的污染气团远距离长时间的污染输送,加剧污染程度,最终形成1月30–31日2天的轻度污染;2月2日19:00–4日07:00第三次污染过程,则是在不利的扩散条件下,受源自江苏、浙江一带污染气团短时间输入性影响,形成2月3日1天的轻度污染;与2019年春节期间相比,2020年空气质量改善明显,中度及以上污染天数减少了100%,轻度污染以上的污染时长减少48小时。可见,本地源减排是改善芜湖环境空气质量的根本,区域性联防联控是应对污染天气的有效手段。Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic,the activity level of Wuhu residents has been reduced to the lowest level during the Spring Festival in 2020(from January 24 to February 8).However,there were three different air pollution events occurred in Wuhu city,which provided an opportunity for exploring the cause of air pollution in Wuhu.The pollution characteristics and causes of the three pollution events are analyzed based on the monitoring data of ground meteorological elements,lidar monitoring data and HYSPLIT backward trajectory model.The results show that the first pollution event from 8:00 on January 27 to 18:00 on January 28 is a 10-hour transient pollution process induced by the high humidity and static atmospheric environment with the local basic emissions unchanged.The second pollution event from 17:00 on January 29 to 13:00 on February 1 is caused by a long-distance and longterm transportation of polluted air masses from Hebei,Henan and Shandong provinces,which intensifies the degree of pollution,and finally induces a two-day light pollution from January 30 to 31 under the increased emissions from key enterprises and unfavorable atmospheric diffusion conditions.And the third pollution event from 19:00 on February 2 to 07:00 on February 4 is a day light pollution caused by the short-term input of pollution groups from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces under the unfavorable diffusion conditions.Compared with the Spring Festival in 2019,the air quality in 2020 has improved significantly,the number of days of moderate and above pollution has decreased by 100%,and the pollution duration of light pollution has decreased by 48 hours.It can be seen that local source emission reduction is the fundamental to improve the air quality of Wuhu,and regional joint prevention and control is an effective means to deal with the polluted weather.

关 键 词：大气污染过程 芜湖 后向轨迹模型 气溶胶激光雷达 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]