渣油浆态床加氢反应过程中沥青质微观结构的动态变化  

DYNAMIC CHANGE OF ASPHALTENE MICROSTRUCTURE DURING RESIDUE SLURRY-BED HYDROCRACKING

作　　者：杨涛 张生娟 戴鑫 邓文安[2] Yang Tao;Zhang Shengjuan;Dai Xin;Deng Wenan(Hydrocarbon High-Efficiency Utilization Technology Research Center of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710000;State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil,China University of Petroleum(East China))

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司碳氢高效利用技术研究中心,西安710000 [2]中国石油大学(华东)重质油国家重点实验室

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2021年第4期93-98,共6页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB060189)。

摘　　要：为了研究渣油加氢反应过程中沥青质微观结构的动态变化,以克拉玛依常压渣油为原料油,进行了不同反应时间的浆态床加氢裂化反应,分离反应产物中的沥青质,进行沥青质基本性质与生焦率的分析,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)及X射线衍射(XRD)等分析手段对沥青质进行表征。结果表明:渣油浆态床加氢反应过程中沥青质的微观结构变化可以分为两个阶段,在反应时间短于20 min时,沥青质含量逐渐增大,其表面由光滑变得粗糙,出现立体堆积颗粒,芳香片层堆积趋于有序变化,层数逐渐增多,层间距和烷基侧链间距不断减小;在反应时间长于20 min时,沥青质迅速缩合生焦,含量明显降低,芳香片层堆积趋于无序变化,层数逐渐减少,层间距和烷基侧链间距不断增大。In order to study the dynamic changes of asphaltene microstructure during residue hydrogenation,Karamay atmospheric residue was used as raw oil for slurry bed hydrocracking reaction with different reaction time.The asphaltenes in reaction products were separated,and their basic properties and coke yield were analyzed.The asphaltenes were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results suggested that the residue hydrocracking in slurry-bed could be divided into two reaction stages according to the change of asphaltenes microstructure.During the reaction time less than 20 min,the asphaltene content gradually increased,the surface changed from smooth to rough,and three-dimensional accumulation of particles appeared.The accumulation of aromatic lamellae tended to ordering changes,the number of layers increased gradually,and the interlayer spacing and alkyl side chain spacing decreased continuously.After the reaction time of 20 min,the asphaltenes converted to coke fast and the content of asphaltenes decreased significantly.The stacking of aromatic layers changed disorderly and the number of aromatic layers decreased,the spacing between aromatic layers and the spacing between alkyl side chains increased gradually.

关 键 词：沥青质 生焦率 微观结构 堆积颗粒 芳香片层 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]