2019年福建省饮水型地方性氟中毒病情监测结果分析  

Surveillance of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Fujian Province in 2019

作　　者：兰莺 陈志辉[1] 叶莺[1] Lan Ying;Chen Zhihui;Ye Ying(Department of Endemic and Chronic non-Infectious Diseases,Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心地方病与慢性非传染性疾病防治所,福州350001

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2021年第3期205-210,共6页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：福建省科技创新平台建设项目(2019Y2001)。

摘　　要：目的掌握福建省饮水型地方性氟中毒病情的流行现状,为开展控制评价工作提供依据。方法2019年,在福建省36个饮水型地方性氟中毒病区县(市、区)的所有病区村,调查改水情况、生活饮用水氟含量和当地8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况,抽取25岁及以上成人调查尿氟含量及氟骨症病情。结果共调查153个病区村,所有病区村均改水,改水工程末梢水氟含量范围为0.00~1.05 mg/L,合格率为100.00%(153/153);改水工程正常运转率为95.42%(146/153);8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为2.72%(76/2789),氟斑牙指数为0.07;不同年龄、不同人口受益率地区的儿童氟斑牙检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);成人(n=3765)尿氟几何均值为0.80 mg/L;成人氟骨症检出率为2.00%(6/300)。结论福建省饮水型地方性氟中毒病情防治工作取得一定成效,但仍需进一步完善改水。Objective To understand the epidemic situation of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Fujian Province,and to provide more information for control and evaluation of the disease.Methods In 2019,all villages in the 36 drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Fujian Province were selected,in which the situation of water improvement was investigated,fluorine content of drinking water was tested and dental fluorosis of all the children aged 8 to 12 was examined.The urinary fluoride content and skeletal fluorosis of people over 25-year old was investigated in some of those villages.Results A total of 153 disease affected villages were investigated,in which the water improvement projects were all completed.The fluoride content in each tap water sample of the water improvement project ranged from 0.00 to 1.05 mg/L,and the qualified rate was 100.00%(153/153).The normal operation rate of the water improvement projects was 95.42%(146/153).The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 was 2.72%(76/2789)with a dental fluorosis index 0.07.The detection rate of children's dental fluorosis was statistically different in different age groups,so was it in areas with different coverage rate of water improvement projects(P<0.05).The geometric mean of urinary fluorine level in adults was 0.80 mg/L(n=3765),and the detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 2.00%(6/300).Conclusion Although some achievements have been made in the prevention and control of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Fujian Province,it is still necessary to further consolidate and enhance the water improvement projects.

关 键 词：饮用水 氟中毒 牙 改水工程 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]