氧分压对有价金属在镍造锍熔炼渣-锍间分配的影响  

Effect of oxygen partial pressure on distribution of valuable metals between slag and matte in nickel matte smelting process

作　　者：陈雷 崔雅茹[1] 王国华 李旭腾 范皓月 汤宏亮[1,2] 李小明 杨树峰[3] CHEN Lei;CUI Ya-ru;WANG Guo-hua;LI Xu-teng;FAN Hao-yue;TANG Hong-liang;LI Xiao-ming;YANG Shu-feng(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;CISDI Thermal Environmental Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401122,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710055 [2]重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司,重庆401122 [3]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2021年第2期453-460,共8页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51674186,51774224);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2018JM5104);大学生创新创业训练项目(201910703014)。

摘　　要：硫化镍造锍熔炼中,炉渣成分和体系氧分压对渣性能、渣中Fe_3O_4含量、渣-低镍锍分离特性及有价金属损失影响显著。利用Factsage软件绘制不同氧分压下Ni O-FeO-CaO-SiO_2-MgO系液相区和Fe-Ni-Cu-S-O系优势区,探讨pO_2和pS_2对低镍锍和炉渣成分的影响;通过渣-锍平衡实验并结合X射线衍射、原子吸收和X射线光电子能谱等,分析体系氧分压对于镍造锍熔炼过程中渣中有价金属镍、铜、钴损失以及m(Fe~(2+))/m(Fe~(3+))的影响规律。结果表明:适当降低体系pO2,有利于降低体系完全熔化温度和增大渣中m(Fe~(2+))/m(Fe~(3+))比。当pO_2=1.01m Pa,含11%CaO和9%MgO(质量分数)熔渣与低镍锍平衡后渣中m(Fe~(2+))/m(Fe~(3+))可达12.93;合成渣和工业渣对比实验显示,降低氧分压至1.01 mPa,含7%~15%CaO(质量分数)的合成渣中Cu、Ni和Co在锍-渣中的分配比较工业渣高,有价金属损失更小。因而,调控后渣组分能满足工业生产渣-锍分离的要求。During the matte smelting of nickel sulphide, the composition of slag and the oxygen partial pressure has a significant effect on the properties of nickel smelting, Fe3O4 content and valuable metals loss in slag, as well as separation characteristics of slag-matte. The effect of oxygen partial pressure on the liquidus region of the Ni O-FeO-CaO-SiO2-MgO slag and predominant diagram of Fe-Ni-Cu-S-O system under different oxygen partial pressure was analyzed using Factsage software. And the influence of pO2 and pS2 on the composition of low-nickel matte and slag was also investigated. Based on the equilibrium experiment between slag and matte, combined with analysis of X-ray diffractometry, atomic absorption spectrometry and X-ray photon spectroscopy, the distribution rate of m(Fe2+)/m(Fe3+) in the slag, especially the nickel, copper and cobalt between the matte and slag under different oxygen partial pressure were deeply studied. The results show that it is conducive to reduce the melting temperature and enhence the mass ratio of Fe2+ to Fe3+ in the nickel smelting slag through proper lowering pO2 of the system. It can be explored that the maximum mass ratio of Fe2+ to Fe3+ reaches up to 12.93, in the slag containing 11% CaO and 9% Mg O(mass fraction) after equilibrium with nickel matte under pO2 of 1.01 m Pa. Further, the contrast of equilibrium experiment for synthetic slag and industrial slag testified that the distribution coefficient of copper, nickel and cobalt of matte to slag for synthetic slag containing 7%-15% CaO(mass fraction) are higher than that of industrial slag under oxygen partial pressure of 1.01 mPa. Thus, it can be deduced that the modified tested slag can meet the requirements of slag-matte separation in industrial production.

关 键 词：镍渣 渣-锍平衡 氧分压 有价金属 Fe_3O_4含量 

分 类 号：TF815[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]