人力资本存量及其结构对经济增长的影响研究--来自中国省际面板数据的证据  

Research on the Impact of Human Capital Volume and Its Structure on Economic Growth--Evidence from Chinese Inter-provincial Panel Data

作　　者：陈多思 CHEN Duo-si

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学

出　　处：《经济论坛》2021年第3期104-113,共10页Economic Forum

摘　　要：基于2009-2018年全国以及31个省(市、区)的面板数据,采用教育年限法测算人力资本水平以及结构,通过实证分析了人力资本、人力资本结构对中国以及不同区域经济增长的影响差异。研究结果表明,2009-2018年间中国人力资本水平不断攀升,人力资本结构不断改善,但各区域间仍存在较大差异;人力资本对全国及区域经济增长都具有显著的促进作用;在人力资本构成中,中国目前仍以中学教育程度为主,初、高中教育程度的人力资本对经济增长具有较大的促进作用,大专以上学历人力资本的促进作用仍需进一步挖掘;在区域层面,中、西部地区人力资本对经济增长的边际效应较大,而东部地区存在高学历人力资本投资低效率的现象。因此,人力资本及结构在区域间分布的不平衡是导致地区间经济增长差距的重要因素之一。Based on the panel data of 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)in China from 2009 to 2018,the Education-year Method is used to measure and calculate the level and structure of human capital,and then,the different impact of human capital and its structure on the economic growth at national and regional levels are empirically analyzed.The results show that:Chinese human capital level and its structure had been improving from 2009 to 2018,while the human capital and its structure of different regions vary greatly;Human capital has sig⁃nificant effects of promotion on economic growth of both the country and regions;In the current structure of human capital in China,people with secondary education are dominant,and human capital with junior and senior high edu⁃cation has greater effects of promotion on economic growth while the effects of promotion from human capital with professional college degree or above still need to be further excavated;At the regional level,the marginal effects of human capital on economic growth in the central and western regions are relatively large,while in the eastern re⁃gion,there is a phenomenon of low efficiency of investment in highly educated human capital.Therefore,the unbal⁃anced distribution of human capital and its structure among regions is one of important factors leading to the gap in regional economic growth.

关 键 词：人力资本 人力资本结构 教育年限法 经济增长 区域差异 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F124[经济管理—国民经济]