儿童肱骨髁上骨折区域性流行病学调查研究  

Regional epidemiological investigation of humerus supracondylar fracture in Children

作　　者：熊竹[1] 曾帅丹 韩帅 李书琴 曾秋茹[1] 汪丽[1] 郭晓丹 李亚楠 唐盛平[1] 朱田丰 XIONG Zhu;ZENG Shuai-dan;HAN Shuai;LI Shu-qin;ZENG Qiu-ru;WANG Li;GUO Xiao-dan;LI Ya-nan;TANG Sheng-ping;ZHU Tian-feng(Department of Orthopaedics,Shenzhen Children’s Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518000,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院骨科,广东518000

出　　处：《中国骨与关节杂志》2021年第3期210-214,共5页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint

摘　　要：目的肱骨髁上骨折在儿童肘部损伤中最常见,因此,流行病学对预防和治疗策略具有重要意义。本研究的目的是调查我院5年来肱骨髁上骨折的区域流行病学特点。方法回顾性分析我院2015年至 2019年收治的2913例肱骨髁上骨折患儿。记录并总结发病率、年龄、性别、骨折时间、骨折特点及损伤机制等。结果本研究共纳入2913例儿童肱骨髁上骨折,其中90% 以上为本地区患儿。5年期间其发生例数总体呈上升趋势,在每年的月份中发病率呈周期性变化,2、6 和11月发病率较低,4、7和12月为发病高峰期。周五是一周中骨折发生率最高的一天。所有患儿中男性占 60.4% (1759 例),女性占39.6%(1154例)。平均年龄 5.2 岁。按年龄分组后 0~2 岁患儿最多 (50.8%),其次是 2~6 岁 (28.6%)、6~12 岁(18.9%)和12~17 岁(1.7%)。通过对所有患儿 Gartland 分型统计显示,Ⅲ型是最常见的肱骨髁上骨折(49.4%);而骨折移位分型表明,伸直型移位占比最高 (75.2%)。所有患儿中伴随的神经、血管损伤发生率约16.5% 和12.7%。开放性骨折占 5.4%。受伤机制方面,同平面的摔伤仍然是最常见的致伤原因 (96.0%),其次为低处坠落伤 (1.6%) 和运动损伤 (1.1%)。结论本研究总结了5年来我院治疗的肱骨髁上骨折患儿流行病学资料,这种意外伤害,从月份及性别的发病情况推测,与患儿的活动程度相关。预防这种意外伤害,更加重视对男孩防患意外伤的教育。在特殊的运动活动中,注意肘部的保护。Objective The supracondylar fracture of the humerus is most common in children with elbow injury.The aim of this study is to investigate its regional epidemiological characteristics in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital in recent 5 years.Methods Patients with supracondylar humerus fracture were retrospectively analyzed from 2015 to 2019.The incidence,age,sex,fracture time,fracture characteristics and injury mechanism were recorded and summarized.Results A total of 2913 patients with humerus supracondylar fracture were included in current study,and more than 90% of them were local children.The incidence varied periodically over a five-year period (lower in February,June and November;higher in April,July and December).Weekly data showed more fractures occurred on Friday.There were 1759 males (60.4%) and 1154 females (39.6%) with an average age of 5.2 years.Grouping by age:0-2 years (50.8%);2-6 years (28.6%);6-12 years (18.9%);12-17 years (1.7%).Gartland Ⅲ was most common in all cases (49.4%) in this study,while the classification of fracture displacement showed that extension supracondylar fracture rate was the highest (75.2%).Incidences of concomitant neurological and vascular injuries were about 16.5% and 12.7% respectively in all cases,and open fractures accounted for 5.4%.Fall is the most common cause of injury (96.0%),followed by fall from the low (1.6%) and sports injury (1.1%).Conclusions This study summarizes the epidemiological data of supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children treated in our center in latest 5 years.Injury is related to the activity of children speculated from occurrence time and sex.Protection of the elbow for boys should be emphasized.

关 键 词：肱骨骨折 儿童 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科] R683.4[医药卫生—临床医学]