无位置传感器无刷直流电机控制方法综述  

Sensorless Control Method of Brushless DC Motor

作　　者：梁超[1] 段富海[1] 邓君毅 LIANG Chao;DUAN Fuhai;DENG Junyi(School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning 116023, China;AVIC Lanzhou Wanli Aviation Electromechanical Co. ,Ltd. ,Lanzhou 730070, Chian)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]航空工业兰州万里航空机电有限责任公司,甘肃730070

出　　处：《微电机》2021年第2期99-103,共5页Micromotors

摘　　要：无刷直流电机(Brushless DC Motor,BLDCM)因具有寿命长、体积小、输出转矩大和功率密度高等优点,广泛应用于航空航天等领域。但使用传感器获取转子位置信号,存在着制造难度大、易受干扰、难以在高低温环境下工作和增加重量等缺点,极大地限制了其更加广泛应用。为很好解决此问题,本文介绍了无位置传感器BLDCM控制的反电动势法、状态观测器法和人工智能法,并针对反电动势法存在的零速或低速时无法自起动的问题,介绍了在低速时转子位置检测和如何加速到闭环控制状态等方法。Brushless DC motors(BLDCM)were widely used in aerospace and other control fields due to their advantages of long life,high power density,small size,and large output torque.However,the traditional method of using the sensor to obtain the rotor position signal has the disadvantages of difficulty in manufacturing,susceptibility to interference,and difficulty in working in high and low temperature environments,which greatly limits its wider application.Sensorless control technology can overcome these shortcomings.This article introduced the back-EMF method,state observer method,and artificial intelligence method for sensorless brushless DC motor control.In view of the problem that the back-EMF method cannot be started at zero or low speed,rotor position detection method and how to accelerate to closed-loop state control scheme were also introduced.

关 键 词：无刷直流电机(BLDCM) 无位置传感器 反电动势法 状态观测器法 人工智能法 

分 类 号：TM361[电气工程—电机]