1.5微米大气探测激光雷达研究进展(特邀)  

Development of 1.5μm lidar for atmospheric detection(Invited)

作　　者：裘家伟 章振 余赛芬 魏天问 袁金龙 夏海云 Qiu Jiawei;Zhang Zhen;Yu Saifen;Wei Tianwen;Yuan Jinlong;Xia Haiyun(School of Atmospheric Physics,Nanjin University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;School of Earth and Space Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,江苏南京210044 [2]中国科学技术大学地球与空间科学学院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2021年第3期38-52,共15页Infrared and Laser Engineering

摘　　要：激光雷达拥有探测距离远、探测精度高、时空分辨率高、探测参数多样等优点,是大气探测的重要手段。对比常见的可见光波段激光雷达,1.5μm大气探测激光雷达有独特优势,包括人眼安全、全光纤结构、穿透云雾能力强和昼夜连续探测等。2015年,世界首台单光子频率上转换气溶胶探测激光雷达诞生,实现了6 km距离高时空分辨率的气溶胶分布连续探测。在此之后,1.5μm大气探测激光雷达在国内外迅速发展。按照探测方式区分,1.5μm大气探测激光雷达进展分为直接探测激光雷达和相干探测激光雷达两类。直接探测激光雷达包括单光子频率上转换激光雷达、单光子频率上转换测风雷达、超导双频测风激光雷达、超导偏振激光雷达、多模单光子探测云激光雷达和单光子光谱遥感激光雷达。相干探测激光雷达包括偏振探测相干激光雷达、格雷编码相干测风激光雷达和大气多参数探测相干激光雷达。这些雷达的探测目标包括大气气溶胶(云)、能见度、偏振、风廓线、湍流耗散率、气体浓度、降水(雨滴谱),并且单台雷达拥有多参数同时探测的能力。Lidar has the advantages of long detection distance,high detection accuracy,high temporal and spatial resolution,and diverse detection parameters,which is an important method for atmospheric detection.Compared with the lidar working at visible wavelength,1.5μm atmospheric detection lidar has unique advantages,including eye-safe,all-fiber structure,able to penetrate clouds and fog,and 24 hour continuous detection.In 2015,the world’s first single-photon frequency up-conversion aerosol detection lidar was born,achieving continuous detection of aerosol distribution with high spatial and temporal resolution at a distance of 6 km.The representative development of 1.5μm atmospheric detection lidar in recent years was introduced.In terms of detection methods,direct detection lidar and coherent detection lidar were introduced respectively.Direct detection lidar includes single-photon frequency up-conversion aerosol detection lidar,single-photon frequency up-conversion wind measurement lidar,superconducting dual-frequency wind measurement lidar,superconducting polarization lidar,multimode fiber-coupled single-photon cloud detection lidar and single-photon sensitivity free-space distributed spectral detection lidar.Coherent lidar includes the polarization detection coherent lidar,Golay coding coherent wind lidar and the atmospheric multi-parameter detection coherent lidar.The detection targets of these lidars include atmospheric aerosol(cloud),visibility,polarization,wind profile,gas concentration,precipitation(raindrop size distribution),etc..Some of them have the ability to detect multiple parameters simultaneously.

关 键 词：1.5μm激光雷达 气溶胶和云 风廓线 湍流耗散率 气体浓度 雨滴谱 

分 类 号：TN958.98[电子电信—信号与信息处理]