黑龙江省籽用南瓜疫病病原菌致病力分析与抗性种质资源评价  

The occurrence of Phytophthora blight,pathogenicity identification of isolates germplasm resistance evaluation of seed-used pumpkin in Heilongjiang province

作　　者：陆杰[1,5] 王珣 窦道龙[3] 李洁 赵曦 李晓娟[2] 王晓丹[3] 李柱刚 LU Jie;WANG Xun;DOU Dao-long;LI Jie;ZHAO Xi;LI Xiao-juan;WANG Xiao-dan;LI Zhu-gang(Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar,161006,China;Biotechnology Research Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,150028,China;College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Tillage and Cultivation,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150028,China;College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,齐齐哈尔161006 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院生物技术研究所,哈尔滨150028 [3]中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京100193 [4]黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,哈尔滨150028 [5]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2021年第1期49-58,共10页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：黑龙江省青年科学基金(QC2016038);黑龙江省科学基金项目(C2018062)。

摘　　要：由辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsici Leonian)引起的南瓜疫病是黑龙江省籽用南瓜生产中的首要病害,造成严重的死瓜烂秧现象,籽用南瓜在黑龙江省的种植面积逐年减小。本研究在对2017~2019年黑龙江省籽用南瓜种植以及疫病发生危害情况进行分析的基础上,采用组织分离法对疫病高发区采集的病样进行分离和纯化,通过形态学和分子生物学鉴定,共获得了106株病原菌,在离体叶片上测定了部分具有分布代表性分离菌株的致病力,发现其致病力均强于对照标准菌株。采用根部接种和叶片接种相结合的方法,对保存的112份种质资源进行室内疫病抗性鉴定及评价,筛选获得了高抗(HR)材料2份,抗病(R)材料3份,中抗(MR)材料9份,其余均为感病材料。本研究明确了南瓜疫病对黑龙江省籽用南瓜生产中的发生危害情况以及病原菌的致病力,为籽用南瓜抗疫病育种、新抗源筛选利用及抗病基因挖掘提供参考。Squash blight caused by Phytophthora capsici is one of the primary diseases of seed-used pumpkin in Heilongjiang,China.It leaded to serious rotten and dead seedlings and the planting area decreased year by year.This study investigated and analysed the planting situation and the blight occurrence of seed-used pumpkin in Heilongjiang from 2017 to 2019.Further,106 strains of pathogens obtained from the areas with high incidence of squash blight were separated and purified with the methods of tissues isolation.The identification of pathogens was done by the morphological and molecular biology.The pathogenicity of some representative isolated strains was determined on the leaves in vitro,and the pathogenicity of the tested isolates was stronger than that of the control standard isolates.Using the combination methods of root inoculation and leaf inoculation,112 preserved germplasm resources of seed-used pumpkin materials were identified and evaluated for the resistance of squash blight.Two materials showed high resistance,3 materials showed resistance,9 materials showed moderate resistance and the rest of the materials were susceptible.This study provided a theoretical basis for occurring and harming of squash blight on seed-used pumpkin,analysis of pathogenicity in Heilongjiang,also provided the source of the materials for the resistant breeding,the new resistant source screening and the resistant gene mining of seed-used pumpkin.

关 键 词：籽用南瓜 疫病 种质资源 抗性评价 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]