利用宽带声场频率-掠射角干涉结构的深海直达声区目标深度估计方法  

A broadband source depth estimation based on frequency domain interference pattern structure of vertical array beam output in direct zone of deep sea

作　　者：王文博[1,2] 苏林 王臻[1,2] 胡涛 任群言 郭圣明[1,2] 马力 WANG Wenbo;SU Lin;WANG Zhen;HU Tao;REN Qunyan;GUO Shengming;MA Li(Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Environment,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院声学研究所中国科学院水声环境特性重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《声学学报》2021年第2期161-170,共10页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11704396);装备预研重点实验室基金项目(61421082003)资助。

摘　　要：针对典型深海环境中宽带声源的深度分辨问题,通过研究深海声场随频率起伏的干涉结构与垂直线阵频域波束输出图中的干涉结构,给出一种直达声区内可区分多水下目标的宽带声源深度估计方法。该方法以近水面目标的射线声场模型为基础,推导出近海面宽带声源接收声场的波束输出表达式,阐明了频域波束输出图中干涉结构与声源深度的对应关系。然后利用改进的傅里叶变换方法将二维频域波束输出图映射到声源深度-掠射角度域,可实现声源深度信息的有效分离。最后开展了深海实验验证,利用垂直阵接收拖曳声源发射的宽带白噪声信号,拖曳声源深度计算结果与实测声源深度基本一致。数值仿真与实验结果均表明该方法可以在多目标复杂环境下准确估计出水下宽带声源的深度。To solve the problem of depth resolution of broadband sound sources in typical deep-sea environments,a broadband source depth estimation method for distinguishing multiple underwater targets is proposed.The interference pattern structure of acoustic field in direct zone of deep waterwith frequency fluctuation and the beam output of a vertical array in frequency domain are studied.Based on the ray theory of near-surface target,the beam output expression of broadband propagated sound field is deduced,and the corresponding relationship between interference pattern structure and source depth in frequency-domain beam output is clarified.Then,the modified Fourier transform method is used to map the two-dimensional frequency-domain beam output map to the depth-pitch angle space of the sound source,which can effectively separate the depth information of the sound sources.Finally,deep-sea experiments are carried out to verify the consistence between the depth of the towed source and the measured depth of the source by using the broadband white noise signal emitted by the towed source and received by the vertical array.Both numerical simulation and experimental results show that this method can accurately estimate the depth of underwater broadband sound source under multi-target complex environment.

关 键 词：掠射角 干涉结构 深度估计 直达声 傅里叶变换方法 深度计算 深海环境 宽带声源 

分 类 号：P733.2[天文地球—物理海洋学] TB566[天文地球—海洋科学]