2020年临近空间科技热点回眸  

Summary of the hot spots of near space science and technology in 2020

作　　者：李智斌 黄宛宁 张钊 刘晓春 朱殷 LI Zhibin;HUANG Wanning;ZHANG Zhao;LIU Xiaochun;ZHU Yin(College of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;College of Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;HIWING General Aviation Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学电气与自动化工程学院,青岛266590 [2]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [3]北京大学工学院,北京100871 [4]海鹰航空通用装备有限责任公司,北京100074

出　　处：《科技导报》2021年第1期54-68,共15页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61733017,91638301);中国科学院战略性先导专项(XDA17020203)。

摘　　要：围绕"认得清、留得住、飞得灵、用得好"的发展目标,概述了2020年临近空间科学技术的研究热点:中国、日本、法-美联合在临近空间实验探测与科学认识方面取得了一定进展;以"留得住、用得好"为目标的临近空间低动态飞行器及其应用技术取得显著成绩,日本软银公司"太阳滑翔机"和韩国EAV-3为太阳能无人机的发展注入了新的活力,美国谷歌公司Loon气球创造了可控驻留区域更精细、持续飞行时间更长、商业应用客户更多的新记录,航空和电信领域十多个巨头加入成立的HAPS联盟有助于推动临近空间长航时平台沿着"用得好"的方向健康发展;以"飞得灵、用得好"为目标的临近空间高动态飞行器及其应用技术方面,超声速亚轨道商业旅行再次推迟,俄罗斯已基本形成陆、海、空基多样化发射与远、中、近程多型号搭配的高超音速打击能力。This paper summarizes the research hotspots of near space science and technology in 2020. China, Japan and FranceUS joint team made some progress in near space experimental exploration and scientific understanding. Near space low dynamic aircraft and its application technology also made remarkable achievements. Softbank’s "sunglider" and South Korea’s eav-3 injected new vitality into the development of solar powered UAVs. Google’s project Loon created a new record of controllable staying area, flight duration and commercial application customers. The HAPS alliance established by more than 10 tycoons in the aviation and telecommunication fields helped to promote the healthy development of near space long endurance platform. In terms of near space high dynamic aircraft and its application technology, the commercial travel of suborbital vehicle was delayed again, and Russia basically formed hypersonic strike capability with land, sea and air-based diversified launches and long,medium and short-range multiple models.

关 键 词：临近空间 科学探测 浮空飞行器 太阳能无人机 亚轨道飞行器 高超声速飞行器 

分 类 号：V41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] P35[天文地球—空间物理学]