群居型和散居型亚洲小车蝗成虫能量代谢相关酶活性测定  

Activities of the enzymes related to energy metabolism in the flight muscles of gregarious and solitarious phases of grasshopper Oedaleus asiaticus

作　　者：高书晶[1] 闫锋 郭娜 王宁[1] 韩海斌[1] 林克剑 贺兵 Gao Shujing;Yan Feng;Guo Na;Wang Ning;Han Haibin;Lin Kejian;He Bing(Grassland Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Forest Pest Management and Quarantine Station of Ordos,Ordos 017010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Xianghuangqi Grassland Station in Xilinguole League,Xinbaolage 013250,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [2]鄂尔多斯市森林病虫害防治检疫站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017010 [3]锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗草原工作站,内蒙古新宝拉格013250

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2021年第1期144-151,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610332020008);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY100400)。

摘　　要：为明确亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus成虫飞行肌对其体内能源物质利用的情况,采用室内生化法测定能源物质代谢相关5种酶,即3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)、3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶(glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)、柠檬酸合成酶(citrate synthase,CS)和3-羟酰辅酶A脱氢酶(3-hydroxyacylCoA dehydrogenase,HOAD)活性的变化,并对群居型和散居型的能源物质利用情况进行比较。结果表明,静止状态下,不同日龄的两型亚洲小车蝗雌成虫体内5种代谢相关酶活性不同,初羽化时酶活性较低,随着成虫日龄增加,酶活性呈上升趋势,多至7日龄或10日龄达到最大,13日龄和20日龄后酶活性略有下降。飞行状态下,成虫体内糖类代谢相关酶的活性在飞行前30 min内升高明显,之后上升缓慢或有所下降,至2 h时酶活性达到最大并趋于稳定;而脂类代谢相关酶和三羧酸循环关键酶的活性则随日龄不断升高并保持在较高水平。群居型亚洲小车蝗体内5种酶活性均显著高于散居型。表明亚洲小车蝗飞行所利用的能源物质包括糖类和脂肪,远距离飞行以脂类能源为主。In order to clarify the utilization of energy substances in flight muscles of gregarious and solitarious phases of grasshopper Oedaleus asiaticus, the activities of five key enzymes related to energy metabolism in flight muscles, including glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH), glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GDH), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), citrate synthase(CS) and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase(HOAD), were measured with tethered-flight testing and biochemical methods in the laboratory. The utilization of energy substances in gregarious and solitarious phases of O. asiaticus was also compared. The results showed that the activities of five metabolism-related enzymes were different in female adults of the two types of O. asiaticus at different ages during rest state, and the enzymatic activity was the lowest in newly emerged adults. With the increase of adult age, the enzymatic activity showed an upward trend, reaching the maximum in 7-or 10-day-old adults, and then slightly decreased in 13-and 20-day-old adults. During flight state, the activity of carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes increased significantly during the first 30 min, and then rose slowly or decreased slightly,and reached the maximum at 2 h and stabilized. The activities of metabolism-related enzymes and key enzymes of tricarboxylic acid cycle continued to increase with age and remained at a high level. The activities of five enzymes in the gregarious locusts were significantly higher than those in solitarious phases. It indicated that O. asiaticus mainly used glycogen and glyceride as the energy materials during flight and the long-range flight mainly used glyceride.

关 键 词：亚洲小车蝗 飞行肌 吊飞 能量代谢 酶活性 

分 类 号：S433.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]