环境温度对群居型和散居型亚洲小车蝗呼吸代谢的影响  

Effects of environmental temperature on the respiratory metabolism of gregarious and solitary phases of Oedaleus asiaticus(Orthoptera:Acrididae)

作　　者：韩海斌[1] 王宁[1] 徐林波[1] 林克剑 高书晶[1] Han Haibin;Wang Ning;Xu Linbo;Lin Kejian;Gao Shujing(Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2021年第1期152-157,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(1610332020027);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2020ZY0001);内蒙古自然科学基金(2019BS03011)。

摘　　要：为明确群居型和散居型亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus对气候变化的呼吸代谢响应机制,采用多通道昆虫呼吸仪测定15、20、25、30和35℃温度下2种生态型亚洲小车蝗的呼吸率、代谢率、CO2释放率及呼吸商。结果显示,随着温度的升高,群居型亚洲小车蝗的呼吸率、代谢率、CO2释放率均呈逐渐增加的趋势,且不同温度之间差异极显著;当温度为15℃时,群居型亚洲小车蝗的呼吸率、代谢率和CO2释放率最低,分别为1.14μL/min、7.70μL·g^(-1)·min^(-1)和1.13μL/min,当温度为35℃时,群居型亚洲小车蝗的呼吸率、代谢率和CO2释放率最高,分别为5.18μL/min、48.82μL·g^(-1)·min^(-1)和5.30μL/min,散居型亚洲小车蝗呼吸率、代谢率和CO2释放率的变化规律与群居型的相同;当20~25℃时,2种生态型亚洲小车蝗的呼吸率、代谢率及CO2释放率变化幅度均最小;当温度为25℃时,2种生态型亚洲小车蝗的呼吸商最高,均为1.14,极显著高于其他温度下的呼吸商,其他温度下的呼吸商之间差异不显著;2种生态型亚洲小车蝗呼吸商平均数分别为1.05和1.03,均接近1.00。表明2种生态型亚洲小车蝗生存适宜温度均为20~25℃,呼吸消耗的底物主要为糖类物质。To clarify the mechanism of respiratory metabolic responses of gregarious and solitary Oedaleus asiaticus to climate change,the respiratory rate(RR),metabolic rate(MR),carbon-dioxide escape rate(CER)and respiratory quotient(RQ)were measured at five temperatures(15,20,25,30 and35℃)by using a multichannel insect respirometer in this study.The results showed that,with increasing temperature,RR,MR and CER gradually increased,and the difference between different temperatures was significant.When the temperature was 15℃,RR(1.14μL/min),MR(7.70μL·g^(-1)·min^(-1))and CER(1.13μL/min)were the lowest in gregarious locusts,but at 35℃,the three values were the highest(5.18μL/min,48.82μL·g^(-1)·min^(-1)and 5.30μL/min,respectively).The solitary locusts displayed the same change as gregarious locusts.When the temperature was 20-25℃,the range of change in RR,MR and CER of the two phases of locusts was the smallest;when the temperature was 25℃,RQ(1.14μL/min)was the highest in the two phases,which was significantly higher than that at other temperatures.There was no significant difference in other temperatures.The average values of RQ in the two types were close to 1.00,1.05 for the gregarious type and 1.03 for the solitary type.It is concluded that the suitable temperature for the two phases of locusts for survival was 20-25℃,and the main substrate for respiratory consumption was carbohydrate.

关 键 词：亚洲小车蝗 呼吸代谢 温度 群居型 散居型 

分 类 号：S433.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]