不同阳极材料对膜法电积钴效果的影响  

Effects of Different Anode Materials on Cobalt Electrodeposition by Membrane Electrolysis

作　　者：周键[1] 赵小云 张学敏[1] 王三反[1] Zhou Jian;Zhao Xiaoyun;Zhang Xuemin;Wang Sanfan(College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Ministry of Education Engineer-ing Research Center of Water Resource Comprehensive Utilization in Cold and Arid Regions,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,寒旱地区水资源综合利用教育部工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《稀有金属》2020年第12期1271-1278,共8页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51804150);甘肃省省青年科技基金计划项目(17JR5RA088);国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2015BAE04B01)资助。

摘　　要：采用双膜三室电积法进行金属钴绿色制备,有效地解决了氯气腐蚀设备及环境污染问题。以电流效率、电积能耗作为评价指标,探讨3种不同类型阳极(Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2),Ti/PbO_(2),PbAg合金)对电沉积过程的影响规律;并采用线性电位扫描伏安法和线性极化扫描伏安法研究阳极材料的析氧电催化性能与抗酸腐蚀性能。实验结果表明,相比于其他阳极,在不同电流密度下,Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)的槽电压最低,钴沉积量最多,平均电流效率最高(93.6%)、平均电积耗能最少(4068.3 kWh·t^(-1)),氯气消减率高达96.8%,抑制氯气效果最佳。通过分析析氧极化曲线,显示Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)的初始析氧电位最低,为1.22 V;析氧电位的高低顺序为Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)<Ti/PbO_(2)<PbAg合金。通过分析线性极化曲线,得出不同阳极的腐蚀电位大小顺序是Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)>Ti/PbO_(2)>PbAg合金,Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)的腐蚀电位最高,腐蚀电流最小,说明耐酸腐蚀性极佳,这归因于中间层SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)的机械隔离作用,阻止新生态氧侵入钛基体。Cobalt metal was prepared greenly by a double-membrane three-compartment electrowinning.It could solve the problems with equipment corrosion and chlorine environmental pollution effectively.Effects of three different anodes Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2),Ti/PbO_(2),PbAg alloy on the cobalt electrowinning were evaluated by the current efficiency and specific power consumption.Oxygen evolution electrocatalytic performance and acid corrosion resistance of anode materials were investigated by the linear potential sweep voltammetry and linear polarization sweep voltammetry.The results showed that,compared to the other anodes,under different current density,Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)had the lowest cell voltage,the largest cobalt mass,a maximum average current efficiency of 93.6%,a minimum average power consumption of 4068.3 kWh·t-1 and the best chlorine removal rate of 96.8%.Oxygen evolution polar⁃ization curve showed that Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O3/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)had the lowest initial oxygen evolution potential of 1.22V.The sequence of oxygen evolution potential was:Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)<Ti/PbO_(2)<PbAg alloy.Linear polarization curve showed that corrosion potential were different among the anodes in order:Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)>Ti/PbO_(2)>PbAg alloy.Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2)had the high⁃est corrosion potential,the smallest corrosion current and an excellent acid corrosion resistance,which was ascribed to mechanical iso⁃lation of SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)interlayer and preventing new oxygen species from invading titanium base.

关 键 词：双膜三室电积法 Ti/SnO_(2)+Sb_(2)O_(3)/IrO_(2)+MnO_(2) 电流效率 氯气消减率 

分 类 号：TQ138[化学工程—无机化工]