等通道挤压变形技术制备超细晶镁合金的研究进展  

Research Progress in Ultrafine Grain Magnesium Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Pressing

作　　者：代晓军 杨西荣[1] 荆磊 王岚 程军[2] 于振涛 Dai Xiaojun;Yang Xirong;Jing Lei;Wang Lan;Cheng Jun;Yu Zhentao(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials,Xi'an 710016,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西北有色金属研究院陕西省医用金属材料重点实验室,陕西西安710016 [3]东北大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《稀有金属》2020年第12期1325-1332,共8页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：陕西省重点科技创新团队项目(2016KTC-30);陕西省国际合作基地项目(2017GHJD-014);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019GY-151)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,镁合金在汽车、航空航天和医疗器械等领域获得广泛应用,被誉为21世纪的绿色工程材料。值得关注的是,镁合金与人体骨在密度、弹性模量等方面的物理性能相近,因此成为最有潜力的医用可降解金属材料,但其强度低、塑性差及耐蚀性差的缺点制约了其发展应用。剧烈塑性变形(SPD)加工被认为是目前最有效的镁合金细晶化方法,其中等径角挤压(ECAP)作为最有潜力的块体超细晶材料制备技术而备受关注,可制备出具有良好综合性能的超细晶或纳米晶镁合金材料。综述了利用ECAP技术制备超细晶镁合金的相关研究进展,探讨了加工温度、模具角度、挤压路径、道次加工量等变形参数对镁合金晶粒细化行为的影响,重点讨论了ECAP变形对超细晶镁合金力学性能及耐腐蚀性能的影响,分析了织构引起的超细晶镁合金“强度异常”现象的原因,提出了ECAP加工后退火强化及后续冷加工以提高镁合金强度的思路,并展望了超细晶镁合金研究中的可能方向。In recent years,magnesium alloys have been widely used in the fields of automobiles,aerospace and medical devices,and are known as green engineering materials in the 21st century.It is worth noting that the physical properties in terms of density and elastic modulus of magnesium alloy and human bone are similar,which is the most promising medical degradable metallic material.However,low strength,poor plasticity and poor corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys limit their development and application.Se⁃vere plastic deformation(SPD)processing was considered to be the most effective method of grain refinement for magnesium alloy at present.The equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)has attracted much attention as the most promising bulk ultra-fine grain material processing technology in SPD,which could produce ultrafine or nanocrystalline magnesium alloy materials with good comprehensive properties.In this paper,the research progress of ultrafine grain magnesium alloy by ECAP technology was reviewed.The effects of de⁃formation parameters such as processing temperature,mold angle,extrusion path and pass processing on the grain refinement behavior of magnesium alloy were discussed.The effects of ECAP deformation on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of ultrafine grain magnesium alloys were emphatically analyzed.And the reason of the"abnormal strength"phenomenon of ultrafine grain magne⁃sium alloy caused by texture was analyzed.The grain annealing and subsequent cold working after ECAP were proposed to improve the strength of magnesium alloy and prospect the possible directions in the future study of ultrafine grain magnesium alloys.

关 键 词：超细晶 镁合金 等通道挤压(ECAP) 

分 类 号：TG146.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]