北疆春小麦不同生育阶段需水量变化的气候响应  

Climate Response of Water Demand Variation in Spring Wheat at Different Growth Stages in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：祁嘉郁 巴特尔·巴克 卡力比尔·买买提 QI Jiayu;BATEER Bake;KALIBIR Maimaiti(Xinjiang Agricultural University,College of Grass and Environmental Science,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2021年第3期362-369,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家国际科技合作计划项目(2010DFA92720-13)。

摘　　要：为了给北疆春小麦科学灌溉提供参考,根据北疆地区26个气象站1961-2016年气象资料与春小麦生育期资料,应用FAO推荐的Penman-Monteith公式及调整后的相关作物系数,估算春小麦各生育阶段作物需水量与灌溉需水量,并探究其气候成因。结果表明,56年中,北疆地区春小麦作物需水量与灌溉需水量均呈减少趋势,其中,抽穗-乳熟期作物需水量与灌溉需水量最大,作物需水量在拔节-抽穗期减势最明显,灌溉需水量在乳熟-成熟期减势最明显;气象因子与春小麦各生育时期需水量与灌溉需水量均有较强的相关性,其中降水量影响最显著,日照时数与平均相对湿度影响次之。Based on the meteorological data of 1961-2016 and spring wheat growth period data from 26 meteorological stations in the northern Xinjiang region,the Penman Monteith formula recommended by FAO and the adjusted relevant crop coefficients were used to estimate the crop water requirement and irrigation water requirement during each growth stage of spring wheat,and the causes of climate were explored.The results showed that in the past 56 years,the crop water demand and irrigation water demand of spring wheat in Northern Xinjiang showed a decreasing trend.Among them,the crop water demand and irrigation water demand at the heading-milk maturity stage were the largest,and the crop water demand obviously decreased at the jointing heading stage,the irrigation water demand declined most during the milking maturity maturity period;meteorological factors have a strong correlation with the spring wheat water demand and irrigation water demand during each growth period,among which the precipitation effect is most significant,followed by the sunshine hours and relative humidity.

关 键 词：北疆地区 作物需水量 灌溉需水量 气候因子 春小麦 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S314