滩涂高效石油降解菌的筛选及应用研究  

Highly Efficient Oil Degradation Bacteria Screening and Application in Coastal Wetland

作　　者：沙晨燕 Sha Chenyan(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200032)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200032

出　　处：《上海环境科学》2021年第1期10-15,共6页Shanghai Environmental Sciences

摘　　要：从受溢油污染的湿地采集土壤样本,通过富集、分离、筛选、纯化的方法获取2株石油降解菌,这2株菌制备的3种菌剂对于高浓度(15000 mg/kg)、中浓度(10000 mg/kg)、低浓度(2500 mg/kg)污染石油烃均显示出优良的降解效果,总石油烃浓度在20 d内可降低75%以上。其对不同碳链石油烃均显示出明显的降解活性,在20 d内降解率达到50%~80%。通过分析土壤中能够指示石油烃降解活力的脱氢酶活性可以发现,加入3种菌剂后土壤的脱氢酶活性显著的提高,说明3种菌剂对于盐沼土壤石油烃污染有较强的耐受性和降解活力。研究获取的2株菌及其制备的3种菌剂可以为盐沼湿地石油烃的治理提供1种解决办法,为滩涂溢油污染的治理提供1种解决思路。Soil samples were collected at coastal wetland which had been contaminated by spilt oil.Two strains of petroleum degrading bacteria were obtained by enrichment,screening and purification.Three bacterial agents made by those two strains all showed significant degradation activity in decomposing petroleum hydrocarbons in high,medium and low concentration.Total petroleum hydrocarbon content could reduce over 75%within 20 days,whilst evident degrading activity showing for degrading petroleum hydrocarbons with various carbochains up to 50%~80%within 20 days.By analysing dehydrogenase activity which could indicate petroleum hydrocarbon degradation activity in soil,it was found that dehydrogenase activity in soil rose significantly after adding those three bacterial agents.It showed that those three agents have strong tolerance and degradation activity for petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in coastal wetland soil.The two strains of bacteria and three bacterial agents could provide a solution for the treatment of coastal wetland petroleum hydrocarbon contamination so as to offer an approach to the remediation for the pollution of spilt oil.

关 键 词：沿海滩涂 溢油污染 石油降解菌 土壤修复 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]