大数据环境下分析2015-2019年宜昌市城区居民急性心肌梗死发生的流行趋势  

Analysis with the big data of the epidemic trend of acute myocardial infarction in Yichang in 2015-2019

作　　者：张艳丽[1] 张培[1] 徐承中[1] 吴周志[1] 徐英[1] 鲁芳芳[1] ZHANG Yanli;ZHANG Pei;XYU Chengzhong;WU Zhouzhi;XYU Ying;LU Fangfang(Yichang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hubei 443005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省宜昌市疾病预防控制中心,湖北宜昌443005

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2021年第2期39-42,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：宜昌市医疗卫生科研项目基金资助(A19-301-46);基于健康管理大数据平台探索宜昌市环境因素与居民急性心肌梗死的相关性;国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1310902);基于全国大规模队列和区域信息化的脑血管病大数据仓库及分析平台建设。

摘　　要：目的了解宜昌市城区居民急性心肌梗死(Acute Myocardial Infarction,AMI)的流行特征,为制定有针对性的防治工作提供依据。方法利用宜昌市健康大数据平台2015—2019年监测数据,采用年估计百分比评价AMI的发病率、死亡率变化趋势。结果2015—2019年宜昌市AMI新发病例1976人,粗发病率41.96/10万,标化死亡率87.52/10万,男性AMI粗发病率为57.69/10万,女性粗发病率为29.84/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.76,P<0.001);2015—2019年急性心肌梗死死亡1838人,粗死亡率39.03/10万,标化死亡率27.27/10万,男性AMI粗死亡率为44.03/10万,女性粗死亡率为3.39/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=45.65,P<0.001),男性、女性AMI发病率、死亡率均随年龄增长而增加。结论2015—2019年宜昌市AMI急性心肌梗死发病率处于全国中等偏低水平,死亡率高于全国平均水平,发病率呈现一定的上升趋势,其中男性、≥60岁的老年人情况更为严重,应针对不同人群,采取相应干预措施,减少AMI的发生。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)in Yichang City in the last 5 years,and to provide a basis for targeted prevention and treatment.Methods The annual estimated percentage was used to evaluate the trend of morbidity and mortality of AMI by using the monitoring data from 2015 to 2019 from the health big data platform of Yichang.Results There were 1976 new cases of AMI in Yichang from 2015 to 2019,with a crude morbidity of 41.96/100000,and standardized morbidity of 87.52/100000.Among them the crude incidence rate in males was 57.69/100000,and 29.84/100000 in females.The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=15.76,P<0.001).From 2015 to 2019,1838 people died of AMI,with a crude mortality of 39.03/100000 and a standardized morbidity of 27.27/100000.The crude mortality for males and females was 44.03/100000 and 3.39/100000,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=45.65,P<0.001).The morbidity and mortality of males and females were increased with age.Conclusion From 2015 to 2019,the morbidity of AMI in Yichang was at a moderately low level in China,but the mortality was higher than the national average.The morbidity showed an upward trend,with men and elderly people aged≥60 being more serious.Appropriate intervention measures should be taken for different groups of people to reduce the incidence of AMI.

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 发病率 死亡率 大数据平台 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]