椭圆与圆截面消防水炮炮座流动对比及试验  

Comparison and experiment on the flow in the seat of fire-fighting water monitor with round and ellipse cross-section

作　　者：向清江[1] 刘俊[1] 叶道星[2] XIANG Qing-jiang;LIU Jun;YE Dao-xing(National Rescarch Center of Pumps,Jiangsu University,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212013,China;Key Laboratory of Fluid-and Power Machinery of Ministry of Education,Xihua University,Sichuan Chengdu 610039,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学国家水泵及系统工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013 [2]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,四川成都610039

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2021年第3期381-385,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：应急管理部重点实验室开放课题资助项目(2019XFZB07);四川省重点实验室开放课题项目(LTJX2020-001)。

摘　　要：在内径66 mm大回转结构形式水炮炮座的缩小试验模型上,提出含有椭圆截面形式的新型流道,采用数值模拟方法对比研究流道截面改变带来的差异,采用粒子图像测试技术PIV试验验证数值模拟结果。对比的结论为:当炮座的一部分圆截面管竖向压扁为相同过流面积的椭圆截面后,流道总流动损失增加且增量非常小;同样,反映出口紊流程度的湍动能变化量也很小。炮座出口流线发生变化,涡通量减小,出口平均速度偏差减小,径向线速度分布曲线上具有峰值减小,低谷值增大的特点,这些都说明流动均匀性获得改善。试验与数值模拟对比,管轴线速度偏差在2.3%以内,径向速度偏差约在8%以内,湍动能对比获得一致的数量量级。PIV试验结果在流速分布上与数值模拟结果一致,但在区分两种流道的差异上需要提高试验精度。Based on the small model seat of firefighting water monitor that has inner diameter of 66 mm and large rotary structure,a new-style flow passage with elliptical cross-section is proposed.The numerical simulation method is used to compare and study the difference caused by the change of cross-section,and the particle image test technology(PIV)is used to verify the numerical simulation results.The conclusion of the comparative study is as follows:After part of the circular cross-section flow passage is flattened vertically into ellipse,the whole hydraulic loss increased a little,and the variation of turbulent kinetic energy at the outlet is small.At the outlet,the streamline pattern changed,the calculating eddy flux decreased and the velocity deviation decreased.For the radial velocity distribution curve,the peak value reduced and the low value increased.These evidences show that the flow uniformity is improved.When compared the simulation results with the PIV experiment data,the axial velocity deviation is less than 2.3%,the radial velocity deviation is about 8%,and the value of turbulent kinetic energy have the same order of magnitude.PIV test results are consistent with the numerical simulation results in velocity distribution,but it is necessary to improve the test accuracy in distinguishing the difference between two kinds of flow passage.

关 键 词：消防水炮 炮座 弯管 PIV试验 速度均匀性 

分 类 号：X959[环境科学与工程—安全科学] S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]