微雨雷达在宁波典型降水过程中的表现特征  

Performance characteristics of micro rain radar in typical precipitation process in Ningbo

作　　者：姜嘉俊 王晓慧 刘圣楠 Jiang Jiajun;Wang Xiaohui;Liu Shengnan(Ningbo Meteorologiral Observatoiy,Ningbo Zhejiang 315012;Haishu Meteorological Bureau,Ningbo Zhejiang 315012;Jinhua Meteorological Bureau,Jinhua Zhejiang 321023)

机构地区：[1]宁波市气象台,浙江宁波315012 [2]宁波市海曙区气象局,浙江宁波315012 [3]金华市气象局,浙江金华321023

出　　处：《气象研究与应用》2021年第1期20-26,共7页Journal of Meteorological Research and Application

基　　金：宁波市气象局青年项目(NBQX2019002C)。

摘　　要：利用宁波微雨雷达(MRR)数据,进行仪器观测雨强评估,在此基础上,分析了宁波地区三次典型过程的雨滴谱和降水特征量分布情况,并对降水特征量在雨强预报中的应用做了初步分析。结果表明,MRR具备较可靠的降水观测能力,三次过程中雨滴粒子浓度均随雨滴直径增大而减小。西风槽和梅雨过程雨滴谱基本相似,液态水含量均较小且变化不明显;而台风"黑格比"雨滴粒子浓度更高,粒径范围更大,液态水含量显著提高且随高度降低而减小,粒子有效直径随高度降低明显增大,粒子数浓度明显减小,说明台风中雨滴碰并增长作用较强,大量小粒子相互碰并成大粒子。整层积分的液态水含量和整层平均的粒子有效直径对降水强度预报有较好的指示作用,二者变化均提前于降水强度变化约10min左右。Based on the evaluation of rainfall intensity observed by instruments,the distribution of raindrop spectrum and precipitation characteristics of three typical processes in Ningbo area were analyzed by using the data of Ningbo micro rain radar(MRR),and the application of precipitation characteristics in rainfall intensity forecast was preliminarily analyzed.The results showed that MRR had the ability of reliable precipitation observation,and the raindrop particle concentration decreased with the increase of raindrop diameter in the three processes.The raindrop spectra of westerly trough and mould rain process were basically similar,and the liquid water content was less and the change was not obvious.The raindrop particle concentration of typhoon Hagupit was higher,the particle size range was larger,the liquid water content was significantly increased while it decreased with the decrease in height;the effective diameter of the particles increased significantly with the decrease in height,and the particle number concentration was significantly reduced.These indicated that raindrops had a strong impact on the growth of typhoon,and a large number of small particles collided with each other to form large particles.The integral liquid water content and the average particle effective diameter of the whole layer had a good indicator effect on the precipitation intensity forecast,and the changes of both were about10 minutes ahead of the change of the precipitation intensity.

关 键 词：微雨雷达 雨滴谱 液态水含量 雨强 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]