阻燃型木塑复合材料热解燃烧特性及产物研究  

Study on pyrolytic combustion characteristics and products of flame retardant wood plastic composite

作　　者：刘鹏杰 张昕蕾 何光建 孙一峰[1] 魏俊峰 Liu Pengjie;Zhang Xinlei;He Guangjian;Sun Yifeng;Wei Junfeng(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals,China National Analytical Center,Guangzhou 510070;School of Material Science&Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710021;The Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education,National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]中国广州分析测试中心广东省化学危害应急检测技术重点实验室,广州510070 [2]陕西科技大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710021 [3]华南理工大学聚合物新型成型装备国家工程研究中心聚合物成型加工工程教育部重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2021年第3期142-146,共5页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项(2018GDASCX-0104)。

摘　　要：以改性天然碳水化合物结合碱式硫酸镁晶须(MHSH)混杂纤维为协效剂,结合膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)制备了阻燃型聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)木纤维复合材料。利用极限氧指数和垂直燃烧测试研究了复合材料的阻燃性能,并采用TG/DTA-MS对复合材料的热解过程、吸放热量和热解燃烧气体产物进行了分析。结果表明,5%的木薯渣作为碳源代替PBS提高了材料的阻燃性能。IFR/木薯渣/MHSH阻燃剂能够有效提高PBS的燃烧初始温度,并缩小燃烧温度范围。阻燃材料燃烧时,首先是IFR受热分解产生不可燃气体氨气在材料表层形成第一层阻燃保护层;其次,材料迅速燃烧产生的炭层形成第二层阻燃保护层;最后,在高温段MHSH分解形成第三层协效阻燃保护层。因此,最终形成了由外层不可燃气体氨气和内层天然碳水化合物MHSH膨胀炭层构成的气-固阻燃屏障,从而有效地提高了复合材料的阻燃性能。The flame retardancy poly(butylene succinate)(PBS)wood fiber composites were prepared by using IFR and modified natural carbohydrates-MHSH.The flame retardant properties of the composites were studied by using the limiting oxygen index and vertical combustion test.TG/DTA-MS was used to analyze the pyrolysis process,heat absorption and pyrolysis combustion gas products of the composites.Experimental data showed that 5%of cassava dregs could be used as a carbon source instead of PBS to improve the flame retardant performance of the composites.IFR/cassava dregs/MHSH flame retardant could effectively increase the initial burning temperature of PBS,and reduced the burning temperature range.When the flame retardant composites were burned,first,the non-combustible gas ammonia generated by the thermal decomposition of IFR formed the first flame-retardant protective layer on the surface of the composites.Second,the carbon layer produced by the rapid burning of the composites formed a second flame-retardant protective layer.Finally,MHSH was decomposed to form a third layer of synergistic flame-retardant protective layer in the high temperature section.As a result,agas-solid flame retardant barrier composed of an outer non-flammable gas ammonia and an inner natural carbohydrate-MHSH expanded carbon layer was formed.Thereby,the flame retardancy of the composites were effectively improved.

关 键 词：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 天然碳水化合物 阻燃剂 碱式硫酸镁晶须 复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ325.1[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]