从“东床快婿”探析门第婚姻背后的政治原因  

Political Factors on the Marriage of Two Noble Families in the Eastern Jin Dynasty

作　　者：李心灵 LI Xin-ling(Graduate School,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学研究生院,北京102488

出　　处：《太原师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Taiyuan Normal University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：“东床快婿”指东晋成帝时期郗鉴为女择王导从子王羲之为婿的故事。东晋门阀政治背景下,郗鉴与王导联姻的原因很多。首先,郗王同属于北方南下世家大族,郗鉴曾拒绝与同乡庶族交友,更不会与庶族结亲。王导曾求与南方吴郡士族联姻被拒。在此背景下,郗王结亲属于北方南下世家大族的强强联合。其次,王敦再叛,郗鉴率流民群南下,与明帝密谋平定了王敦之乱,随后晋升朝廷要位,与王导关系缓和,郗氏与王氏联姻有了可能。再次,成帝冲幼,王导、郗鉴等七人受明帝遗诏辅政治,除郗鉴外,王导与其他五人关系紧张。最后,成帝时期,庾氏坐大,庾、王矛盾激化,庾亮、陶侃想要废黜王导,郗鉴从中阻拦,此时郗王结亲有利于平衡东晋政局。门第婚姻对门阀士族的发展具有双重影响,既维系了门阀士族阶层的稳定,又因其排外性削弱了这个阶层的力量。In the period of Emperor Cheng of the Eastern Jin Dynasty,Wang Xizhi,the second son of Wang Dao,was selected to be son-in-law of Xi Jian,a high rank official.There were many reasons for the marriage in the context of powerful family politics.First,both Wang Dao and Xi Jian belonged to the upper class of influential and privileged families.Xi Jian refused to make friends with his fellow countrymen,let alone a marriage,while Wang Dao met with refusal when he sought a marital relationship with the nobles in the Wu area of the south.Thus,their marriage formed a powerful connection as they both were from the north.Secondly,after Xi Jian helped the emperor suppress Wang Dun’s rebellion,he got promotion,and the relationship between Wang Dao and him was eased.Third,in order to deal with Yu Liang and Tao Kan,Wang Dao needed to tie up with Xi Jian to get a strong supporter.Finally,the same cultural background was also an important reason for Wang Dao’s connection to Xi Jian.The family marriage had double influence on the development of the clan politics in the Eastern Jin Dynasty,which not only maintained the political stability of the nobles,but also destroyed the powerful clan politics due to its exclusiveness.

关 键 词：东晋 门阀政治 士族阶层 门第婚姻 

分 类 号：K237.2[历史地理—历史学]