人为干扰对雅安苍坪山公园桉树人工林物种多样性和生物量的影响  

Effects of human interference on species diversity and biomass of Eucalyptus grandis plantation in Cangping Mountain Park in Ya’an

作　　者：曾洪[1,2,3] 陈聪琳[1] 喻静 向琳 孙一淼 胡明玥 郝建锋 ZENG Hong;CHEN Conglin;YU Jing;XIANG Lin;SUN Yimiao;HU Mingyue;HAO Jianfeng(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Key Laboratory of Soil&Water Conservation and Desertification Combating,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川农业大学长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,四川成都611130 [3]四川农业大学长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室,四川成都611130 [4]四川农业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治实验室,四川成都611130

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2021年第2期253-261,共9页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31370628);四川省教育厅一般项目(15ZB0020)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示不同人为干扰强度对桉树Eucalyptus grandis人工林物种多样性和生物量的影响。【方法】以四川省雅安市苍坪山公园桉树人工林为研究对象,采用典型样地法,设置12块20 m×20 m不同干扰程度的样地,对林内物种组成、物种多样性水平(丰富度指数D、Shannon-Wiener指数H、Simpson优势度指数H’、Pielou均匀度指数Jsw)和植物层生物量进行调查研究。【结果】共调查到维管植物87种,隶属55科82属,桉树人工林物种数随着干扰的加强而减少;乔木层与草本层D、H、H’随着干扰强度的增加而降低,灌木层D、H、H’在中度干扰下达到最大值,乔木层的D、H变化差异显著(P<0.05)。随着干扰强度的增加,植物各层生物量呈不同变化趋势:中度干扰下乔木层蓄积量(12.01m^(3)·hm^(-2))最高;轻度干扰下灌木层生物量(394.533 kg·m^(-2))和草本层生物量(359.680 g·m^(-2))最高。乔木层D、草本层H’与草本层地上生物量和生物总量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);草本层Jsw与草本层生物总量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。【结论】适度的干扰会促使桉树人工林物种多样性和生物量增加;物种多样性和生物量的关系受人为干扰和自然条件而改变,没有固定关系。[Objective]This study aims to reveal the effects of human interference on species diversity and biomass in E.grandis plantations.[Method]12 sample plots of E.grandis plantations(20 m×20 m)with different interference intensities were set up by typical plot method in Cangping Mountain Park in Ya’an City of Sichuan Province,to investigate the species composition,species diversity(richness index D,Shannon-Wiener index H,Simpson dominance index H’,Pielou evenness index Jsw),and plant layer biomass.[Result]There were 87 species of vascular plants belonging to 55 families and 82 genera.The number of species in E.grandis plantation decreased with increasing interference.The D,H and H’indices of tree layer and herb layer decreased with the increase of interference intensity.The D,H and H’indices of shrub layer reached the maximum under moderate disturbance.The difference of D and H indices in tree layer was significant(P<0.05).With the increase of disturbance intensity,the biomass of each plant layer showed different changing trends.The tree layer had the highest volume(12.01 m^(3)·hm^(-2))under moderate disturbance,while the biomass of shrub layer(394.533 kg·m^(-2))and herb layer(359.680 g·m^(-2))was the highest under light disturbance.The D index of tree layer and H’index of herb layer were significantly positively correlated with aboveground biomass and total biomass of herb layer(P<0.05).The Jsw index of herb layer was significantly positively correlated with total biomass of herb layer(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Moderate disturbance will increase species diversity and biomass in E.grandis plantation.The relationship between species diversity and biomass is subject to human interference and natural conditions,and there is no fixed relationship.

关 键 词：森林生态学 人为干扰 桉树人工林 物种多样性 生物量 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]