2019年天津市河西区流行性感冒疫苗接种情况及分析  

2019 influenza vaccination in Tianjin Hexi District

作　　者：董琪[1] 王仲言[1] 张宇[1] 时同鑫 郭晓坤[1] 夏晓爽[2] 胡亚会[2] 王林[1] 李新[2] Dong Qi;Wang Zhongyan;Zhang Yu;Shi Tongxin;Guo Xiaokun;Xia Xiaoshuang;Hu Yahui;Wang Lin;Li Xin(Department of Geriatics,Tianjin Medical University No.2 Hospital,Tianjin 300211,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学第二医院保健医疗部老年病科,300211 [2]天津医科大学第二医院保健医疗部神经内科,300211 [3]天津市河西区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2021年第4期391-393,共3页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart,Brain and Vessel Diseases

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(18ZXDBSY00210)。

摘　　要：目的了解2019年度天津市河西区12家社区卫生服务中心流行性感冒(流感)疫苗接种的情况,为进一步制定提高流感疫苗接种率的干预方案提供参考。方法收集天津市河西区成年总户籍854900人,男性414400人,女性440500人,18~64岁691101人,65~79岁126098人,年龄≥80岁37701人;受教育程度:小学及以下121396人,初中311184人,高中181239人,大学及以上241081人。统计流感疫苗接种数据,收集居民接种流感疫苗的原因。结果河西区总体疫苗接种18000人,接种率为2.11%。男性接种率与女性比较,无统计学差异(2.02%vs 2.18%,P>0.05)。18~64岁,65~79岁及年龄≥80岁人群的接种率比较,无统计学差异(2.12%vs 2.21%vs 1.54%,P>0.05)。不同受教育程度人群的接种率比较,亦无统计学差异(P>0.05)。居民接种流感疫苗的首位原因为在读学校集体接种、工作单位的福利接种7326人(40.7%)。老年心脑血管病及相关慢性疾病患者中,高血压和脑卒中患者疫苗接种率略高,分别为1.10%和0.53%。结论天津市河西区2019年度流感疫苗的接种率处于相对较低的水平,需要社会加强宣传力度,普及流感防控和流感疫苗接种的知识,建议政府在有条件的情况下,酌情对重点和高风险人群给予免费流感疫苗接种。Oblective To provide the reference for working out the intervention plan to improve the influenza vaccination rate by investigating the 2019 influenza vaccination in Tianjin Hexi District.Methods A total of 854900 registered residents in Tianjin Hexi District were included in this study.Of the 854900 registered residents,414400 were males,440500 were females,691101 were 18-64 years old,126098 were 65-79 years old,37701 were≥80 years old,121396 received primary school and below education,311184 received junior middle school education,311184 received senior high school education,241081 received≥university education.The data of influenza vaccination were recorded and analyzed.The reasons why the residents underwent influenza vaccination were analyzed.Results The total influenza vaccination rate was 2.11%in Tianjin Hexi District.No significant difference was detected in influenza vaccination rate between male and female residents(P>0.05).No significant difference was detected in influenza vaccination rate between 18-64,65-79 and≥80 years old residents(2.12%vs 2.21%vs 1.54%,P>0.05).No significant difference was detected in influenza vaccination rate between the residents who received different levels of education(P>0.05).The first reason for 7326 residents(40.7%)to receive influenza vaccination was to enjoy the wellfare of schools and working units providing influenza vaccination.The influenza vaccination rate was higher in hypertension patients than in cerebral stroke patients(1.10%and 0.53%).Conclusion The 2019 influenza vaccination rate is relatively low in Tianjin Hexi District.It is necessary for the society to strengthen the publicity and popularize the knowledge of influenza prevention and control and influenza vaccination.It is suggested that the government should provide free charge of influenza vaccination for the key and high-risk populations in the circumstances it can afford.

关 键 词：流感 人 流感疫苗 接种 早期医疗干预 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]