光引发合成聚丙烯腈研究  

Preparation and characterization of polyacrylonitrile for carbon fiber manufacture by photo-induced polymerization

作　　者：李立山 刘沛沛[1,2] 苏亚男[1,2,3] 张兴华 张寿春[1,2,3] LI Li-shan;LIU Pei-pei;SU Ya-nan;ZHANG Xing-hua;ZHANG Shou-chun(Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials,Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taiyuan 030001,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology,Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taiyuan 030001,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,炭材料重点实验室,山西太原030001 [2]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,碳纤维制备技术国家工程实验室,山西太原030001 [3]中国科学院大学,材料与光电研究中心,北京100049

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2021年第2期429-434,共6页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1510119);中科院重点部署项目(CXJJ-16M127);中科院青年创新促进会优秀会员资助(2012140);山西省重点研发计划项目(202003D111002);山西省重点研发计划(201803D121042);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)子课题(XDA17040519)~~

摘　　要：调控聚丙烯腈分子量及其分布一直是炭纤维制备的重要问题。本文以丙烯腈为反应单体,二甲基亚砜为溶剂,采用光引发方式结合溶液聚合方法研究聚丙烯腈的合成。分别用乌氏黏度计和凝胶色谱仪测定了聚合物的分子量和分子量分布,并用红外光谱仪以及核磁共振仪对聚合物的分子结构进行了分析。结果表明,不含化学引发剂的光引发溶液聚合方法所合成的产物为聚丙烯腈;随着反应温度的不断上升或者单体浓度的持续增加,转化率和黏均分子量均增大;与传统化学引发剂引发的丙烯腈自由基聚合相比,采用光引发丙烯腈聚合体系,能够大幅度降低聚合物的分子量分布指数,制得分子量高、分布指数较窄的聚丙烯腈。The control of the molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile and its distribution is important for carbon fiber preparation.Polyacrylonitrile was synthesized by photo-induced solution polymerization using acrylonitrile as the monomer and dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent.The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polyacrylonitrile were respectively determined by a viscosity method with an Ubbelohde viscometer and gel permeation chromatography.The functional groups on and the chain structure of polyacrylonitrile were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Results showed that with an increase of polymerization temperature or monomer concentration,the conversion of the monomer and the molecular weight increased.Compared with the traditional initiator-induced radical polymerization of acrylonitrile,photo-induced polymerization significantly narrows the molecular weight distribution.Polyacrylonitrile with both a high molecular weight and a relatively narrow molecular weight distribution was manufactured by photo-induced solution polymerization.

关 键 词：丙烯腈 光引发聚合 分子量 分子量分布 

分 类 号：TQ342.74[化学工程—化纤工业]