仿生超疏水木材表面微纳结构制备研究进展  

Research progress of the preparation of biomimetic superhydrophobic wood surface micro-nano structures

作　　者：孙庆丰[1] 杨玉山 党宝康 陈逸鹏[1] 王媛媛 张佳宜 邱坚 SUN Qingfeng;YANG Yushan;DANG Baokang;CHEN Yipeng;WANG Yuanyuan;ZHANG Jiayi;QIU Jian􀀀(School of Engineering,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学工程学院,杭州311300 [2]西南林业大学材料科学与工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2021年第2期1-11,共11页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(LR19C160001)。

摘　　要：仿生构建超浸润界面材料在自清洁、生物防污、防水抗结冰等领域具有巨大的潜力,但目前在木材科学领域的设计、制备和实践应用依然存在很大的挑战。根据仿生学原理,笔者简述了超疏水表面相关设计的基本理论以及多尺度粗糙结构在优化不可润湿表面结构中的作用,总结了3种构建仿生超疏水木材的有效途径,推导出本征接触角的计算公式及体系自由能变化,并在热力学计算的基础上系统阐释了微纳结构表面几何形状对润湿性能的影响,同时对粗糙表面的本征接触角和液/液/固三相体系浸润性以及基底表面上液滴能量变化进行了分析。阐述了木材表面仿生超疏水功能性改良的设计机理和制备方法,在此基础上归纳了超疏水体系中引入纳米粒子的方式在超疏水木材表面功能性改良中的应用。最后,分析了仿生功能性超疏水木材高效耐用无氟环境友好型溶剂探索、制备工艺创新以及应用范围拓展等方面存在的问题,并对其在木材功能性改良领域的应用前景和发展方向进行了展望。The superwettability of the wood surface by liquids is an abnormal interface phenomenon,which is a subversive concept that has been rediscovered in past decades.Combination of multiscale structures and surface chemical compositions is crucial to design and synthesize interfacial wood with superwettability.The application of biomimetic constructed superwetting interface materials shows great potential in the fields of self-cleaning,biofouling,waterproofing and ice-resistance.However,there are still considerable challenges in the design,preparation,and application in the field of wood science.Based on the principles of bionics,the basic theory of superhydrophobic surface of wood design and the role of multiscale rough structures in optimizing the surface structure of non-wettable solids are briefly described,including sine curve,flat top column,triple Koch curve and corresponding topological structure,Young equation,Wenzel equation,Cassie-Baxteer equation and contact angle hysteresis.Three effective ways to construct biomimetic superhydrophobic wood are summarized and the formulae for intrinsic contact angle and system free energy variation are derived.On the basis of thermodynamic calculations,the influence of microstructure surface geometry on the wettability performance is systematically elucidated.Intrinsic contact angle and liquid/liquid/solid three-phase system wettability of rough surfaces and the droplet energy variation on the substrate surface are also analyzed.Then the design mechanism and the preparation method for the functional improvement of biomimetic superhydrophobic wood are described.On this basis,the application of introducing nanoparticles in superhydrophobic system for functional improvement of superhydrophobic wood is summarized,including the flotation separation of minerals,oil extraction,water repellency,washing,etc.Finally,the exploration of bionic functional superhydrophobic wood efficient and durable fluorine-free environment-friendly solvents,the innovation of the preparation process an

关 键 词：超疏水木材 微纳结构 仿生构建 低表面能修饰 

分 类 号：S781.7[农业科学—木材科学与技术]