参与式方法在中国的发展沿革  

Participatory Approaches and Its Development in China

作　　者：杜娟[1] DU Juan

机构地区：[1]云南省社会科学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期52-59,共8页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

摘　　要：参与式理念和工作方法曾是20世纪90年代直至21世纪初中国发展界的必备工具,但却在当前大规模的扶贫攻坚、乡村振兴中销声匿迹了。是什么原因导致了其在当初的风行,又是什么原因使其不再为今日的社区发展工作者所认知和使用?本文通过回溯中国参与式发展的历程,试图对这些问题进行解答,进而指出,这一套农村工作和社区发展的理论方法当初之所以行之有效,自有其内在的合理性。中国共产党一直信奉和遵行以人民为中心的发展理念,群众路线是党的生命线,人民群众的需求就是中国共产党人的奋斗目标,“没有调查就没有发言权”,在推进国家治理能力和治理体系现代化的当下,参与式理念和工作方法应该重新焕发生机,成为社区工作的必备理念和工作方法。Participatory Approaches,including participatory rural appraisal(PRA)and participatory monitoring and evaluation(PME),used to be a set of indispensable tools for the development researchers in China in the 1990s,but have been nearly forgotten in the poverty alleviation and rural development campaigns today.What has brought about their prevalence in the 1990s?Why has development researchers and community workers ceased to use them today?By reviewing the history of their introduction and application in China,this paper tries to give answers to these questions while attempting to suggest that there must be something reasonable with these approaches that account for their popularity in the 1990s.Chinese Communist Party has always believed in and followed a people-centered approach in its development strategy,regarding it as the lifeline of the party and making the gratification of people s needs an ultimate goal of its work.“No investigation,no talk”.In the efforts to upgrade and modernize China s governance competence and system,participatory approaches can once again be used as important tools for community and development workers.

关 键 词：参与式方法 社区发展 以人民为中心 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]